Time-dependent physical Stokes parameters and degree of polarization of light

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jari Turunen ◽  
Frank Wyrowski
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Stokes Parameters ◽  
Degree Of Polarization ◽  
Polarization Of Light

scholarly journals Signals of axion like dark matter in time dependent polarization of light

2020 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 135288 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Chigusa ◽  
Takeo Moroi ◽  
Kazunori Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Dependent Polarization ◽  
Polarization Of Light

Reconstruction of the probability density function by means of the degree of polarization for one-photon mixed states

Open Physics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Michalik ◽  
Andrzej Domanski
Keyword(s):  
Probability Density ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Reference Beam ◽  
Quantum Tomography ◽  
Stokes Parameters ◽  
Degree Of Polarization ◽  
Probability Density Distribution ◽  
Mixed States ◽  
State Of Polarization ◽  
Linear Polarizer

AbstractIn this paper the authors discuss an alternative way for reconstructing one-photon mixed states of a partially polarized optical field. The task is to represent the probability density distribution describing these kind of states with the Stokes parameters which also characterize the effective state of polarization. These parameters can be measured by means of the degree of polarization with an experimental setup containing a rotating linear polarizer and a circular polarizer. A thought experiment is presented which assumes that the measurement is undertaken on an analyzed beam coupled with a reference beam containing photons polarized in a well-known way. The method discussed in the paper is an alternative for the most commonly used quantum tomography approach.

scholarly journals Molecular frame photoemission by a comb of elliptical high-order harmonics: a sensitive probe of both photodynamics and harmonic complete polarization state

2016 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 161-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Veyrinas ◽  
V. Gruson ◽  
S. J. Weber ◽  
L. Barreau ◽  
T. Ruchon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Field ◽  
Polarization State ◽  
High Harmonic ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
High Order ◽  
Stokes Parameters ◽  
Degree Of Polarization ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Elliptically Polarized ◽  
Molecular Frame

Due to the intimate anisotropic interaction between an XUV light field and a molecule resulting in photoionization (PI), molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions (MFPADs) are most sensitive probes of both electronic/nuclear dynamics and the polarization state of the ionizing light field. Consequently, they encode the complex dipole matrix elements describing the dynamics of the PI transition, as well as the three normalized Stokes parameters s1, s2, s3 characterizing the complete polarization state of the light, operating as molecular polarimetry. The remarkable development of advanced light sources delivering attosecond XUV pulses opens the perspective to visualize the primary steps of photochemical dynamics in time-resolved studies, at the natural attosecond to few femtosecond time-scales of electron dynamics and fast nuclear motion. It is thus timely to investigate the feasibility of measurement of MFPADs when PI is induced e.g., by an attosecond pulse train (APT) corresponding to a comb of discrete high-order harmonics. In the work presented here, we report MFPAD studies based on coincident electron-ion 3D momentum imaging in the context of ultrafast molecular dynamics investigated at the PLFA facility (CEA-SLIC), with two perspectives: (i) using APTs generated in atoms/molecules as a source for MFPAD-resolved PI studies, and (ii) taking advantage of molecular polarimetry to perform a complete polarization analysis of the harmonic emission of molecules, a major challenge of high harmonic spectroscopy. Recent results illustrating both aspects are reported for APTs generated in unaligned SF6 molecules by an elliptically polarized infrared driving field. The observed fingerprints of the elliptically polarized harmonics include the first direct determination of the complete s1, s2, s3 Stokes vector, equivalent to (ψ, ε, P), the orientation and the signed ellipticity of the polarization ellipse, and the degree of polarization P. They are compared to so far incomplete results of XUV optical polarimetry. We finally discuss the comparison between the outcomes of photoionization and high harmonic spectroscopy for the description of molecular photodynamics.

scholarly journals Polarization Characterization of LEDs by Stokes Parameters Measurements

2022 ◽  
Vol 2149 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
T Saito ◽  
T Sutani ◽  
K Kiyono ◽  
T Oikawa
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Horizontal Direction ◽  
Stokes Parameters ◽  
Degree Of Polarization ◽  
Observation Angle ◽  
Phase Plate ◽  
Zero Values ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Partial Polarization

Abstract Stokes parameters have been measured by using a polarimeter consisting of a rotating phase plate before a fixed polarizer for bullet-shaped red, green and blue LEDs at 3 different directions of 0°, 45° and 90° from the principal axis. The degree of polarization is minimum at the observation angle 0° (observed head-on) for all colors as expected but has non-zero values (1-9%). As for the possible cause for the partial polarization, it is likely to be brought by striae inside the transparent epoxy resin that can be easily visible. Data at observation angle 90° have features common for all colors; the degree of polarization is highest, the long axis azimuth of the polarization ellipse is nearly in the horizontal direction, and the ellipticity is small. These features can be explained as follows. At observation angle 90°, only small fraction of the beam emitted nearly horizontally is detected possibly through multireflection (the plane of incidence is in the vertical plane) inside the top- and bottom-surfaces (in the horizontal direction) of the chip substrate. Since the reflectance for s-polarization (horizontal component) is higher than that for p-polarization, the emerging beam becomes horizontally polarized. The hypotheses that geometrical asymmetry generates polarization is experimentally supported.

scholarly journals A depolarizer as a possible precise sunstone for Viking navigation by polarized skylight

2011 ◽  
Vol 468 (2139) ◽  
pp. 671-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Ropars ◽  
Gabriel Gorre ◽  
Albert Le Floch ◽  
Jay Enoch ◽  
Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Degree Of Polarization ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Calcite Crystal ◽  
Birefringent Crystal ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Polarization Of Light ◽  
Iceland Spar

Viking navigation from Norway to America in the northern latitudes remains a mystery for physicists, historians and archaeologists. Polarimetric methods using absorbing dichroic crystals as polarizers to detect a hidden Sun direction using the polarized skylight have led to controversies. Indeed, these techniques may lack in sensitivity, especially when the degree of polarization is low. Here, we demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that using the transparent common Iceland spar as a depolarizer, the Vikings could have performed a precise navigation under different conditions. Indeed, when simply rotated, such a birefringent crystal can completely depolarize, at the so-called isotropy point, any partially polarized state of light, allowing us to guess the direction of the Sun. By equalizing the intensities of the ordinary and extraordinary beams at the isotropy point, we show that the Sun direction can be determined easily, thanks to a simple sensitive differential two-image observation. A precision of a few degrees could be reached even under dark crepuscular conditions. The exciting recent discovery of such an Iceland spar in the Alderney Elizabethan ship that sank two centuries before the introduction of the polarization of light in optics may support the use of the calcite crystal for navigation purposes.

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