scholarly journals Optical depth of the Universe to ultrahigh energy cosmic ray scattering in the magnetized large scale structure

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumiko Kotera ◽  
Martin Lemoine

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 386-390
Author(s):  
RENYI MA ◽  
DONGSU RYU ◽  
HYESUNG KANG

Based on the cosmological hydrodynamic simulation, we study the properties of shock waves formed during the formation of the large scale structure (LSS) of the universe, and investigate their contribution to the cosmic ray (CR) fraction in the intergalactic medium (IGM). It is found that while strong accretion shocks prevail at high redshift, weak internal shocks become dominant in the intracluster medium (ICM) as galaxy clusters form and virialize at low redshift, z < 1. The accumulated CR proton energy is likely to be less than 10 % of the thermal energy in the ICM, since weak shocks of M ≲ 3 are most abundant. This is consistent with the upper limit constrained by radio and gamma-ray observations of galaxy clusters. In the warm-hot medium (WHIM) inside filaments, CRs and gas could be almost in energy equipartition, since relatively stronger shocks of 5 ≲ M ≲ 10 are dominant there. We suggest that the non-thermal emissions from the CR electrons and protons accelerated by cosmological shock waves could provide a new way to detect the WHIM of the universe.



2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Sigl ◽  
Francesco Miniati ◽  
Torsten A. Enßlin


2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. L13
Author(s):  
Chen Ding ◽  
Noémie Globus ◽  
Glennys R. Farrar


2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 983-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir N Lukash ◽  
Elena V Mikheeva ◽  
A M Malinovsky


Physics Today ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 62-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. E. Peebles ◽  
Simon D. M. White


2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
A. V. Antipova ◽  
D. I. Makarov ◽  
D. V. Bizyaev




1978 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 409-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya B. Zeldovich

The God-father of psychoanalysis Professor Sigmund Freud taught us that the behaviour of adults depends on their early childhood experiences. in the same spirit, the problem of cosmological analysis is to derive the observed present day situation and structure of the Universe from certain plausible assumptions about its early behaviour. Perhaps the most important single statement about the large scale structure is that there is no structure at all on the largest scale − 1000 Mpc and more. On this scale the Universe is rather uniform, structureless and isotropically expanding - just according to the simplified pictures of Einstein-Friedmann……. Humason, Hubble…. Robertson, Walker. On the other hand there is a lot of structure on the scale of 100 or 50 Mpc and less. There are clusters and superclusters of galaxies.



1987 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 335-348
Author(s):  
Neta A. Bahcall

The evidence for the existence of very large scale structures, ∼ 100h−1Mpc in size, as derived from the spatial distribution of clusters of galaxies is summarized. Detection of a ∼ 2000 kms−1 elongation in the redshift direction in the distribution of the clusters is also described. Possible causes of the effect are peculiar velocities of clusters on scales of 10–100h−1Mpc and geometrical elongation of superclusters. If the effect is entirely due to the peculiar velocities of clusters, then superclusters have masses of order 1016.5M⊙ and may contain a larger amount of dark matter than previously anticipated.



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