Abstractive Text Summary of COVID-19 Documents based on LSTM Method and Word Embedding

An abstractive summary is a process of producing a brief and coherent summary that contains the original text's main concepts. In scientific texts, summarization has generally been restricted to extractive techniques. Abstractive methods that use deep learning have proven very effective in summarizing articles in public fields, like news documents. Because of the difficulty of the neural frameworks for learning specific domain- knowledge especially in NLP task, they haven't been more applied to documents that are related to a particular domain such as the medical domain. In this study, an abstractive summary is proposed. The proposed system is applied to the COVID-19 dataset which a collection of science documents linked to the coronavirus and associated illnesses, in this work 12000 samples from this dataset have been used. The suggested model is an abstractive summary model that can read abstracts of Covid-19 papers then create summaries in the style of a single-statement headline. A text summary model has been designed based on the LSTM method architecture. The proposed model includes using a glove model for word embedding which is converts input sequence to vector forms, then these vectors pass through LSTM layers to produce the summary. The results indicate that using an LSTM and glove model for word embedding together improves the summarization system's performance. This system was evaluated by rouge metrics and it achieved (43.6, 36.7, 43.6) for Rouge-1, Rouge-2, and Rouge-L respectively.

The Resilience of the Captive Girl Child in 2 Kings 5

2 Kings 5 contains a brief reference to an unnamed Israelite girl, a war captive in the household of leprosy-afflicted Naaman, the commander of the Syrian army. She instigates her master’s healing by recommending that he seek out the prophet (Elisha). Although the girl utters only a single statement (2 Kgs 5.3), her words have been subject to divergent critical interpretations. Some scholars valorize her utterance as evidence of her faith, compassion, and courage. A contrasting view maintains that as a trauma victim whose sufferings have been glossed over, the girl’s words express her adaptation to an abusive environment. This study posits an alternative interpretation, by drawing upon research on the concept of resilience with regard to war-affected children. While acknowledging the girl’s trauma, this article argues that her words reflect a resilience-building process by affirming her cultural identity, values, and beliefs.

The Jurisprudential Maxim (Translator’s Statement is Absolutely Accepted) Between Islamic Law and Civil Procedures Law in the Sultanate of Oman And Contemporary Applications: القاعدة الفقهية: (يُقبل قول المترجم مطلقا) دراسة مقارنة بين الفقه الإسلامي وقانون الإجراءات المدنية والتجارية في سلطنة عمان

This research aims at clarifying the significance of and studying and establishing the jurisprudential maxims, especially those related to the judiciary so that they help judges in their work, muftis in their understanding and students in their memorization. The maxim of (Translator’s Statement is Absolutely Accepted) is a great maxim since it represents a principle in the judicial ruling. This research is a new addition to the comparative jurisprudential literature, an approach between Islamic jurisprudence and contemporary law, and a manifestation of the greatness of Islamic Sharia that cares for all aspects of life. This research is divided into two subjects: First: the definition of terms such as maxim, jurisprudence and law in three sections. Second: the explanation and establishment of the maxim and the legal status in four sections, as well as the judicial applications. The researcher concludes the study with the most important results, that of the jurisprudential maxims combine different issues in simple eloquent phrases, and that the procedures law has noble Sharia purposes, represented in caring for the interests of people and achieving the highest meanings of integrity and justice. The Islamic jurisprudence pays attention to the maxims of the rules of procedures more than the positive laws do. The law considers the Islamic Jurisprudence regarding the translator issue, unless in oath-taking. Translators shall be fair, familiar with both languages, and accepts a single statement. Among the most important recommendations: the provisions of jurisprudential maxims shall be contained in bills, and the judges shall consider the maxim in all filed cases. In addition, education courses should be held for translators so that they know the procedures of the progress of cases in courts, and the criticality of accuracy.

Special geometry and the swampland

In the context of 4d effective gravity theories with 8 supersymmetries, we propose to unify, strenghten, and refine the several swampland conjectures into a single statement: the structural criterion, modelled on the structure theorem in Hodge theory. In its most abstract form the new swampland criterion applies to all 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 effective theories (having a quantum-consistent UV completion) whether supersymmetry is local or rigid: indeed it may be regarded as the more general version of Seiberg-Witten geometry which holds both in the rigid and local cases.As a first application of the new swampland criterion we show that a quantum-consistent $$ \mathcal{N} $$ N = 2 supergravity with a cubic pre-potential is necessarily a truncation of a higher-$$ \mathcal{N} $$ N sugra. More precisely: its moduli space is a Shimura variety of ‘magic’ type. In all other cases a quantum-consistent special Kähler geometry is either an arithmetic quotient of the complex hyperbolic space SU(1, m)/U(m) or has no local Killing vector.Applied to Calabi-Yau 3-folds this result implies (assuming mirror symmetry) the validity of the Oguiso-Sakurai conjecture in Algebraic Geometry: all Calabi-Yau 3-folds X without rational curves have Picard number ρ = 2, 3; in facts they are finite quotients of Abelian varieties. More generally: the Kähler moduli of X do not receive quantum corrections if and only if X has infinite fundamental group. In all other cases the Kähler moduli have instanton corrections in (essentially) all possible degrees.

ДИСКУРСИВНЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ МОДАЛЬНЫХ СЛОВ КАТЕГОРИЧЕСКОЙ ДОСТОВЕРНОСТИ В РУССКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ

Аннотация. Статья посвящена актуальной на сегодняшний день проблеме дискурса и автором сделана попытка анализа дискурсивного потенциала модальных слов категорической достоверности в русском языке. Основное внимание в данной статье автор акцентирует на анализе модальных слов с учетом экстралингвистических факторов (индивидуальные и социальные особенности коммуниканта и коммуникативной ситуации, установки, цели адресанта и т.д.). Автор приходит к выводу, что роль модальных слов при выражении отношения говорящего к высказыванию велика, поскольку в человеческой речи нет ни единого высказывания без отношения говорящего к высказываемому, и без выражения отношения содержания высказывания к его реальному осуществлению. Ключевые слова: дискурс, экстралингвистические факторы, коммуникант, коммуникативная ситуация, модальные слова, адресант, контекст, собеседник, диалог. Аннотация. Макала бүгүнкү күндө актуалдуу болуп жаткан дискурс проблемасына арналган. Автор бул макалада орус тилиндеги категориялык ишенимдүүлүктү билгизүүчү модалдык сөздөрдүн дискурстук мүмкүнчүлүгүн талдап берүүгө аракет жасаган. Макалада автор модалдык сөздөрдүн экстралингвистикалык жагдайларын (коммуниканттардын жана коммуникативдик кырдаалдын жеке жана социалдык өзгөчөлүктөрү ж.б.) баса белгилеп изилдеген. Автор модалдык сөздөрдүн сүйлөм ичиндеги ролу чоң экендигин аныктап берген, себеби модалдык сөздөр сүйлөөчүнүн баяндамага болгон мамилесин билгизет. Адамзаттын тилинде сүйлөөчүнүн баяндамага болгон мамилесин, билгизбеген бир дагы сүйлөм жок, себеби болуп жаткан ситуацияны, албетте, биз талдап, баа берүү менен өзүбүздүн оюбузду билгизе алабыз. Түйүндүү сөздөр: дискурс, экстралингвистикалык жагдайлар, коммуникант, коммуникативдик ситуация, модалдык сөздөр, контекст, диалог. Annotation. This article attempts to examine the discursive potential of modal words of categorical authenticity in Russian language. Modal words are analyzed taking into account extra linguistic factors(individual and social peculiarities of communicant and communicative situation aiming at the addresser. The author concludes that the role of modal words in expressing the speakers relation to the speakers statement is great. Since in human speech there is no single statement without speakers relation to the statement, and without the expression of relation of the statements content to actual implementation. Key words: discourse , extra linguistic factors, communicant, communicative situation, modal words , dialogue, interlocutor.

Goodwill as an accounting category

Under modern conditions, the decisive factor for success is the availability of intellectual resources and their effective use in economic activity. Goodwill acts as an important tool to strengthen the competitiveness of a business entity because it provides additional benefits to the enterprise. The article summarizes approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “goodwill”, presented in regulatory legal acts and scientific literature. It is established that both regulatory and scientific sources do not contain a single statement of the concept of “goodwill”. The signs of goodwill are defined with the aim of interpreting this concept.

Though Forced, Still Valid: Psychometric Equivalence of Forced-Choice and Single-Statement Measures

Forced-choice (FC) measures are gaining popularity as an alternative assessment format to single-statement (SS) measures. However, a fundamental question remains to be answered: Do FC and SS instruments measure the same underlying constructs? In addition, FC measures are theorized to be more cognitively challenging, so how would this feature influence respondents’ reactions to FC measures compared to SS? We used both between- and within-subjects designs to examine the equivalence of the FC format and the SS format. As the results illustrate, FC measures scored by the multi-unidimensional pairwise preference (MUPP) model and SS measures scored with the generalized graded unfolding model (GGUM) showed strong equivalence. Specifically, both formats demonstrated similar marginal reliabilities and test-retest reliabilities, high convergent validities, good discriminant validities, and similar criterion-related validities with theoretically relevant criteria. In addition, the formats had little differential impact on respondents’ general emotional and cognitive reactions except that the FC format was perceived to be slightly more difficult and more time-saving.