scholarly journals Macroscopic fluctuations emerge in balanced networks with incomplete recurrent alignment

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Itamar D. Landau ◽  
Haim Sompolinsky
Keyword(s):  
Balanced Networks ◽  
Macroscopic Fluctuations

scholarly journals Balanced networks under spike-time dependent plasticity

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. e1008958
Author(s):  
Alan Eric Akil ◽  
Robert Rosenbaum ◽  
Krešimir Josić
Keyword(s):  
Spike Timing ◽  
Recurrent Networks ◽  
Spike Time ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Plausible Mechanism ◽  
Spike Time Dependent Plasticity ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Balanced Networks

The dynamics of local cortical networks are irregular, but correlated. Dynamic excitatory–inhibitory balance is a plausible mechanism that generates such irregular activity, but it remains unclear how balance is achieved and maintained in plastic neural networks. In particular, it is not fully understood how plasticity induced changes in the network affect balance, and in turn, how correlated, balanced activity impacts learning. How do the dynamics of balanced networks change under different plasticity rules? How does correlated spiking activity in recurrent networks change the evolution of weights, their eventual magnitude, and structure across the network? To address these questions, we develop a theory of spike–timing dependent plasticity in balanced networks. We show that balance can be attained and maintained under plasticity–induced weight changes. We find that correlations in the input mildly affect the evolution of synaptic weights. Under certain plasticity rules, we find an emergence of correlations between firing rates and synaptic weights. Under these rules, synaptic weights converge to a stable manifold in weight space with their final configuration dependent on the initial state of the network. Lastly, we show that our framework can also describe the dynamics of plastic balanced networks when subsets of neurons receive targeted optogenetic input.

scholarly journals Selectivity and Sparseness in Randomly Connected Balanced Networks

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e89992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Pehlevan ◽  
Haim Sompolinsky
Keyword(s):  
Balanced Networks

Novel liquid crystal trimers exhibiting a monolayer smectic C phase containing strong macroscopic fluctuations

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1121-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Yoshizawa ◽  
Naoki Uehara ◽  
Mariko Kurauchi ◽  
Akihisa Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Smectic C ◽  
Macroscopic Fluctuations

scholarly journals Social networks as the backbone of women’s work in the Catalan Pyrenees

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Pallares-Barbera ◽  
Antònia Casellas
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Glass Ceiling ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Women's Work ◽  
Symbolic Power ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Strong Case ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Balanced Networks

This paper discusses how historically the accumulation of symbolic power by men produced a glass ceiling for women in the Catalan Pyrenees and how women have overcome this constraint by engaging in male-led networks, founding gender balanced networks and developing women-nurtured networks. Through semi-structured qualitative interviews and ethnographic research, the paper investigates the strategies women employed to maintain their involvement in networking activities over a 10-year period. The paper identifies the importance of being connected with horizontal organizations and the empowerment of sharing experiences provided by social bridge agents. The results of this research make a strong case for more inclusive and gender-aware policies in rural areas as a means to promote economic and social viability while empowering women.

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