scholarly journals Design, 3D printing and validation of a novel low-cost high-capacity sitting-drop bridge for protein crystallization

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep K. Talapatra ◽  
Matthew R. Penny ◽  
Stephen T. Hilton ◽  
Frank Kozielski

Sitting-drop protein crystallization is not used as commonly as the hanging-drop method for crystal optimization owing to the limitations of commercially available sitting-drop bridges, particularly when they are used in conjunction with 24-well crystallization plates. The commercially available sitting-drop bridge, containing space for only a single drop, restricts their wider use. Proteins that preferentially crystallize under sitting-drop conditions therefore require more work, time and resources for their optimization. In response to these limitations, and using 3D printing, a new sitting-drop bridge has been designed and developed, where five crystallization drops can be placed simultaneously in each well of a 24-well crystallization plate. This significantly simplifies the process and increases the potential of sitting drops in crystal optimization, reducing costs and hence overcoming the limitations of current approaches.

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Gao ◽  
Ce Jing ◽  
Kelvin Ng ◽  
Belinda Pingguan-Murphy ◽  
Qingzhen Yang

Oral Diseases ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Kawai ◽  
N Ozeki ◽  
H Yamaguchi ◽  
T Tanaka ◽  
K Nakata ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Chen ◽  
Yong-Qing Lin ◽  
Shuang-Lun Xie ◽  
Hong-Fu Wu ◽  
Jing-Feng Wang

Author(s):  
Daisuke MATSUMURA ◽  
Mei SUMIMOTO ◽  
Keiko MIWA ◽  
Hideyasu OH ◽  
Yasuhiro MORIIZUMI ◽  
...  

1937 ◽  
Vol s2-79 (316) ◽  
pp. 659-678
Author(s):  
K. A. R. GRESSON

1. Pieces of the mantle of Modiolus were sterilized by means of ultra-violet light, and cultivated, by the hanging drop method, in sea-water, and in sea-water plus tissue extract. 2. An outwandering of amoebocytes takes place shortly after the preparations are made; this is followed by an outgrowth from the epithelium which secretes the shell. Three types of epithelial cells are present in the outgrowths. 3. Undoubted stages of mitosis or of amitosis were not observed amongst the epithelial cells. 4. The shell epithelium often becomes folded so that hollows are present on the surface of the explant. The cells at the margin of the folds become elongate and tend to grow over the hollows. 5. The amoebocytes, by means of membranous expansions of the ectoplasm and fine pseudopodial-like processes, undergo movements and change of shape. Clumped and necrotic cells are rounded. 6. Hyaline and finely granular amoebocytes, due to their phagocytic action, become filled with granules, vacuoles, and large deeply stained bodies. 7. The amoebocytes often form a loose network in the medium. 8. Stages of mitosis or of amitosis were not observed, but amoebocytes with double nuclei were present in some of the preparations.


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