A 1:2 co-crystal of 2,2′-thiodibenzoic acid and triphenylphosphane oxide: crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and computational study
The asymmetric unit of the title co-crystal, 2,2′-thiodibenzoic acid–triphenylphosphane oxide (1/2), C14H10O4S·2C18H15OP, comprises two molecules of 2,2′-thiodibenzoic acid [TDBA; systematic name: 2-[(2-carboxyphenyl)sulfanyl]benzoic acid] and four molecules of triphenylphosphane oxide [TPPO; systematic name: (diphenylphosphoryl)benzene]. The two TDBA molecules are twisted about their disulfide bonds and exhibit dihedral angles of 74.40 (5) and 72.58 (5)° between the planes through the two SC6H4 residues. The carboxylic acid groups are tilted out of the planes of the rings to which they are attached forming a range of CO2/C6 dihedral angles of 19.87 (6)–60.43 (8)°. Minor conformational changes are exhibited in the TPPO molecules with the range of dihedral angles between phenyl rings being −2.1 (1) to −62.8 (1)°. In the molecular packing, each TDBA acid molecule bridges two TPPO molecules via hydroxy-O—H...O(oxide) hydrogen bonds to form two three-molecule aggregates. These are connected into a three-dimensional architecture by TPPO-C—H...O(oxide, carbonyl) and TDBA-C—H...(oxide, carbonyl) interactions. The importance of H...H, O...H/H...O and C...H/H...C contacts to the calculated Hirshfeld surfaces has been demonstrated. In terms of individual molecules, O...H/H...O contacts are more important for the TDBA (ca 28%) than for the TPPO molecules (ca 13%), as expected from the chemical composition of these species. Computational chemistry indicates the four independent hydroxy-O—H...O(oxide) hydrogen bonds in the crystal impart about the same energy (ca 52 kJ mol−1), with DTBA-phenyl-C—H...O(oxide) interactions being next most stabilizing (ca 40 kJ mol−1).