Recovery support specialists inside the jail: a program description of treatment engagement for opioid use disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Martin ◽  
Megan A. Phillips ◽  
Mary Saxon ◽  
Kailey Love ◽  
Laurie Cessna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Maricopa County ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Community Provider ◽  
Recovery Support

Purpose People living with opioid use disorder (OUD) disproportionately encounter the criminal justice system. Although incarcerated individuals with OUD face higher risk for withdrawals, relapses and overdoses, most jails fail to offer comprehensive medications for OUD (MOUD), including recovery support services and transition of care to a community provider. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and implementation of a comprehensive MOUD program at a large county jail system in Maricopa County, Arizona. Design/methodology/approach The authors used the Sequential Intercept Model (SIM) to develop a community-based, multi-organizational program for incarcerated individuals with OUD. The SIM is a mapping process of the criminal justice system and was applied in Maricopa County, Arizona to identify gaps in services and strengthen resources at each key intercept. The program applies an integrated care framework that is person-centered and incorporates medical, behavioral and social services to improve population health. Findings Stakeholders worked collaboratively to develop a multi-point program for incarcerated individuals with OUD that includes an integrated care service with brief screening, MOUD and treatment; a residential treatment program; peer support; community provider referrals; and a court diversion program. Recovery support specialists provide education, support and care coordination between correctional and community health services. Originality/value OUD is a common problem in many correctional health centers. However, many jails do not provide a comprehensive approach to connect incarcerated individuals with OUD treatment. The Maricopa County, Arizona jail system opioid treatment program is unique because of the ongoing support from recovery support specialists during and after incarceration.

Opioids and the Criminal Justice System: New Challenges Posed by the Modern Opioid Epidemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Caulkins ◽  
Anne Gould ◽  
Bryce Pardo ◽  
Peter Reuter ◽  
Bradley D. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
New Challenges

The traditional US heroin market has transformed into a broader illegal opioid market, dominated first by prescription opioids (PO) and now also by fentanyl and other synthetic opioids (FOSO). Understanding of opioid-use disorder (OUD) has also transformed from being seen as a driver of crime to a medical condition whose sufferers deserve treatment. This creates new challenges and opportunities for the criminal justice system (CJS). Addressing inmates’ OUD is a core responsibility, including preventing overdose after release. Treatment can be supported by diversion programs (e.g., drug courts, among others) and by providing medication-assisted treatment in prison, not only as a crime-control strategy but also because of ethical and legal responsibilities to provide appropriate healthcare. The CJS also has opportunities to alter supply that were not relevant in the past, including deterring pill-mill doctors and disrupting web sites used to distribute FOSO. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Criminology, Volume 4 is January 13, 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Criminal Justice Contact and Relapse Among Patients Seeking Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert M. Kopak ◽  
Steven W. Lawson ◽  
Norman G. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Criminal Justice Contact

The rapid rise in opioid use has recently contributed to several pressing concerns, including an unprecedented number of fatal overdoses, a marked increase in treatment admissions, a spike in emergency department visits, and a significant proportion of adults who test positive for opioids at the time of arrest. The majority of arrestees who test positive for opioids after being booked into jail also report prior engagement with a substance use treatment program, highlighting the need to address posttreatment substance use and involvement in the criminal justice system. The current study was conducted to untangle the posttreatment substance use–arrest relationship and better understand how one may influence the other. Analyses conducted with 396 adults, drawn from a nationwide sample of patients seeking treatment for opioid use disorder, demonstrated that posttreatment arrest increased the likelihood of substance use, but the evidence suggested that this relationship was not reciprocal. These results have significant implications for criminal justice practices with regard to using alternatives to arrest as methods to minimize posttreatment substance use.

Medicaid Expansion Increased Medications For Opioid Use Disorder Among Adults Referred By Criminal Justice Agencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-570
Author(s):  
Utsha G. Khatri ◽  
Benjamin A. Howell ◽  
Tyler N. A. Winkelman
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Medicaid Expansion ◽  
Opioid Use

Tapentadol is the least common opioid found in admission urine drug-test results at an intensive outpatient opioid-use disorder treatment program in Ohio: A brief report

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Adam Rzetelny, PhD ◽  
Diana Meske, PhD ◽  
Parag Patel, MD, FACOG, FASAM ◽  
Steven Passik, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Program ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Drug Test ◽  
Urine Drug ◽  
Urine Drug Test ◽  
Dispensing Data

Background: Previous data suggest that tapentadol, an atypical opioid with a putative dual mechanism of action, has relatively low rates of abuse. A better understanding of the rates of abuse among different prescription opioids may help clinicians when considering their potential risks and benefits. The results of urine drug tests (UDTs) may provide a unique opportunity to help answer this question.Method: To investigate different rates of prescription-opioid abuse in this retrospective study, we examined urine drug test results from patients seeking treatment at four facilities of an opioid-use-disorder (OUD) treatment program in Ohio. Urine specimens were collected on admission, one from each patient, in the regular course of care. The opioids reviewed in the present study were tapentadol, hydrocodone, oxycodone, hydromorphone, oxymorphone, and tramadol. Drug dispensing data, including morphine-milligram equivalents (MME) dispensed, were examined to adjust for the relative prevalence of each opioid being examined.Results: Data from 4,162 patients were examined. Tapentadol was the least common finding in UDT results in this cohort and remained so after adjusting for drug availability. The percentage of specimens positive for a given opioid ranged from 0.12 percent (tapentadol) to 7.04 percent (oxycodone). The availability and MME adjustments resulted in a change of rank order, with tapentadol remaining the lowest but tramadol replacing oxycodone as the prescription opioid with the highest rate of abuse.Conclusions: In this sample of UDT results from patients seeking treatment at an OUD program in Ohio, tapentadol was the least frequent finding among the opioids examined, and this remained true when adjusting for dispensing data. Factors potentially contributing to this difference may include pharmacological properties unique to tapentadol. Several important limitations notwithstanding, these findings are consistent with previous real-world evidence and warrant an ongoing line of inquiry. 

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