Equality, creativity, academic merit: for the record or to set records up?

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
Slawomir Jan Magala
Keyword(s):  
Academic Merit

Publication and Academic Merit

1967 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 391-394
Author(s):  
Roy G. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Academic Merit

The Principle, Politics, and Finances of Introducing Academic Merit as the Standard of Hiring for “the teaching of law as a career,” 1870–1900

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 617-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce A. Kimball
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Law School ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Professional Schools ◽  
Class Rank ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
American Law ◽  
Academic Merit ◽  
Law Professors

Compared to the practice in other professional schools and academic fields at universities, law professors are hired at a young age based primarily upon their academic merit determined through grades, class rank, and school rank. This emphasis upon narrowly defined academic merit—apart from achievement demonstrated through original scholarship or experience in professional practice—first emerged during “the professionalization of the American law professor” between 1870 and 1900 at Harvard Law School (HLS). Though normative today, this outcome was neither necessary nor uncontested. In the late nineteenth century the new standard of hiring faculty according to their academic merit was energetically opposed by those favoring the antecedent standard of professional experience and reputation. Only when financial considerations counterbalanced that traditional standard did hiring decisions tip in favor of the new principle. Not until the early 1900s, when the second generation of academic meritocrats dominated the HLS faculty, did the new hiring standard become unequivocally established as policy in the school and, by extension, in legal education.

Citing Behaviors, Ranking Games, and the Myths of Judging Academic Merit

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (1) ◽  
pp. 10123
Author(s):  
Jerker C. Denrell ◽  
Chengwei Liu ◽  
Howard Aldrich ◽  
Ezra Zuckerman
Keyword(s):  
Academic Merit

Making Grades

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Academic Ability ◽  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Culturally Specific ◽  
Entrance Examinations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Arena ◽  
Academic Merit ◽  
The Way

THE focus of this paper is on the role that culture plays in shaping the way examiners arrive at assessments of candidates' relative academic ability in tertiary entrance examinations. In attempting to understand this process, I call on notions of ‘Discourse’, especially of the kind developed by Gee (1991, 1992, 1994). When examiners ‘make grades’, they call on culturally specific understandings of what counts as a ‘literate essay’, a ‘relevant’ argument, and an appropriate relationship between candidate and examiner. I start with a discussion of tertiary entrance examinations, move to a discussion of Discourse and conclude with an analysis of one set of examiners' reports. Examiners use underlying discourse structure as the basis on which they make their judgements about academic merit, and that these judgements are culturally situated and do, therefore, realise cultural values. However, although they are clearly culturally situated, they gain their legitimacy in the public arena by an appeal to the universality of standards of academic merit.

Mitigating Clinician Burnout by Promoting Academic Merit through Health Care Entrepreneurship and Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 229 (4) ◽  
pp. e140
Author(s):  
Alexandra A. Eisenbeiss ◽  
Bianca E. Rich ◽  
Justin R. Brunson ◽  
John T. Langell
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Academic Merit

Are Twitter and Blogs Important Tools for the Modern Psychological Scientist?

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1171-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Weinstein ◽  
Megan A. Sumeracki
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Academic Merit ◽  
Career Enhancement

Psychological scientists have many roles, one of which is, arguably, to communicate their research findings to a broader audience. Twitter and blogging offer relatively inexpensive options for this type of outreach. Engagement in these outreach efforts can lead to career enhancement, but also comes at a cost. We examined a sample of 327 psychological scientists to determine the prevalence of this type of outreach; while the use of Twitter appears to be on the rise, blogging remains very rare. In this piece, we explore the costs and benefits for psychological scientists of blogging and engaging with the general public on Twitter, and how tweeting and blogging might relate to academic merit and varieties of fame in psychology.

scholarly journals Bureaucratic, Professional and Managerial Power in University Tenure Track Recruitment

2022 ◽  
pp. 371-402
Author(s):  
Tea Vellamo ◽  
Jonna Kosonen ◽  
Taru Siekkinen ◽  
Elias Pekkola
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Tenure Track ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Managerial Power ◽  
Technical University ◽  
Academic Merit ◽  
Professional Power

AbstractIn this chapter, our interest lies in analysing the different powers in recruitment and, particularly, how they are manifested in the new tenure track model in technical fields in Finland. Traditionally, recruitment in higher education has mostly relied on the bureaucratic application of processes and on academics, representing professional power, evaluating academic merit. The new university legislation, granting universities more autonomy in recruiting, has allowed the development of increasingly strategic recruitment models. The novel tenure track recruitment criteria exceed traditional notions of individual merits to include assessments of the strategic visions of universities and departments. We see the use of the tenure track model as a shift both in the recruitment for identity building related to the technical university’s strategy and as a shift in using more managerial power in recruitment. We use a case study approach where we look at recruitment in a similar field in two different kinds of universities utilising tenure track, and we examine how bureaucratic, managerial and professional powers are manifested in the processes. The comparisons are used to highlight the powers in the tenure track process in a technical university.

scholarly journals Beyond Hirsh-index: Status signals among Russian researchers

Bibliosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
M. M. Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Hypothetical Situation ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Status Signals ◽  
Academic Merit ◽  
Negative Messages ◽  
European University ◽  
The Russian Language

The article presents the results of a study of signals conveying positive or negative messages about social scientists. We surveyed sociologists actively publishing in the Russian language (N = 810). Subjects were asked to respond to a hypothetical situation in which they were to assess CVs of a fictional applicant for a grant competition. Attributes of scholars comprising a standard academic biography differed markedly both in their salience and in the degree of consensus about their importance. A book written single-handedly was the most unanimously recognized symbol of academic merit among Russian sociologists. The least agreement was about the signals related to the presence at the international intellectual scene (teaching in a “well-known European university”, publishing in international periodicals) and to the participation in dissertation production (supervising or serving as a reviewer of many dissertations). Importance of these groups of signals depends on the overall orientation to the local or global audience and age. There were much more consensus about the attributes in different ways discrediting scientists, such as plagiarizing or multiple publications.

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