In this paper, applying planar straightness error assessment methods, in other words, the principle of minimum conditions and roundness error approach, further more, the least square circle will be used to the idea of space. By establishing the two space mathematical models to deal with the long-tube straightness error. It dramatically solves the problem to the space straightness error. In practice, the use of the ideas of the software can gain high accurate and high precise data, it can also consistent with the actual situation.