Random Number Generator Based on Metastabilities of Ring Oscillators and Irregular Sampling

Author(s):  
Halil Ibrahim Kaysici ◽  
Salih Ergun
2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Łoza ◽  
Łukasz Matuszewski ◽  
Mieczysław Jessa

Abstract Today, cryptographic security depends primarily on having strong keys and keeping them secret. The keys should be produced by a reliable and robust to external manipulations generators of random numbers. To hamper different attacks, the generators should be implemented in the same chip as a cryptographic system using random numbers. It forces a designer to create a random number generator purely digitally. Unfortunately, the obtained sequences are biased and do not pass many statistical tests. Therefore an output of the random number generator has to be subjected to a transformation called post-processing. In this paper the hash function SHA-256 as post-processing of bits produced by a combined random bit generator using jitter observed in ring oscillators (ROs) is proposed. All components – the random number generator and the SHA-256, are implemented in a single Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). We expect that the proposed solution, implemented in the same FPGA together with a cryptographic system, is more attack-resistant owing to many sources of randomness with significantly different nominal frequencies.


Author(s):  
Noor Alia Binti Nor Hashim ◽  
Julius Teo ◽  
Muhammad Saiful Ariffin Hamid ◽  
Fazrena Azlee Binti Hamid

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1168
Author(s):  
Ryoichi Sato ◽  
Yuta Kodera ◽  
Md. Arshad Ali ◽  
Takuya Kusaka ◽  
Yasuyuki Nogami ◽  
...  

A cloud service to offer entropy has been paid much attention to. As one of the entropy sources, a physical random number generator is used as a true random number generator, relying on its irreproducibility. This paper focuses on a physical random number generator using a field-programmable gate array as an entropy source by employing ring oscillator circuits as a representative true random number generator. This paper investigates the effects of an XOR gate in the oscillation circuit by observing the output signal period. It aims to reveal the relationship between inputs and the output through the XOR gate in the target generator. The authors conduct two experiments to consider the relevance. It is confirmed that combining two ring oscillators with an XOR gate increases the complexity of the output cycle. In addition, verification using state transitions showed that the probability of the state transitions was evenly distributed by increasing the number of ring oscillator circuits.


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