Simulated and Measured Power Density using Equivalent Currents for 5G applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Scialacqua ◽  
F. Mioc ◽  
A. Scannavini ◽  
L. J. Foged
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Measured Power ◽  
Equivalent Currents

scholarly journals Fast Power Density Assessment of 5G Mobile Handset Using Equivalent Currents Method

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Wang He ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Lucia Scialacqua ◽  
Zhinong Ying ◽  
Alessandro Scannavini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Fast Power ◽  
Mobile Handset ◽  
Density Assessment ◽  
Equivalent Currents

Anode modification with capacitive materials for a microbial fuel cell: an increase in transient power or stationary power

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 10464-10472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhua Feng ◽  
Zhisheng Lv ◽  
Xiaoshuang Yang ◽  
Chaohai Wei
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Anode Modification ◽  
Measured Power

The discharge of bio-electrons stored in the capacitive anode of an MFC significantly contributes to the measured power density.

scholarly journals Fast Power Density Assessment of 5G Mobile Handset Using Equivalent Currents Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang He ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Lucia Scialacqua ◽  
Zhinong Ying ◽  
Alessandro Scannavini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Phase Error ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Spatial Average ◽  
Exposure Limits ◽  
Compliance Testing ◽  
Fast Power ◽  
Mobile Handset ◽  
Equivalent Currents

<div>As the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication</div><div>is utilizing millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands, electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure emitted from a 5G mmWave mobile handset should be evaluated and compliant with the relevant EMF exposure limits in terms of peak spatial-average incident power density. In this work, a fast power density (PD) assessment method for a 5G mmWave mobile handset using the equivalent currents (EQC) method is proposed. The EQC method utilizes the intermediate-field (IF) data collected by a spherical measurement system to reconstruct the EQCs over a reconstruction surface, and then computes the PD in</div><div>close proximity of the mobile handset with acceptable accuracy. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using a mmWave mobile handset mock-up equipped with four quasi-Yagi antennas. The assessed PD results are compared with those computed using full-wave simulations and also those measured with a planar near-field (NF) scanning system. In addition, three influencing factors related to the accuracy of the EQC method, namely, the angular resolution, the phase error, and the handset</div><div>position in the IF measurements, are also analyzed. The proposed method is a good candidate for fast PD assessment of EMF exposure compliance testing in the mmWave frequency range.</div>

scholarly journals Fast Power Density Assessment of 5G Mobile Handset Using Equivalent Currents Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang He ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Lucia Scialacqua ◽  
Zhinong Ying ◽  
Alessandro Scannavini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Phase Error ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Spatial Average ◽  
Exposure Limits ◽  
Compliance Testing ◽  
Fast Power ◽  
Mobile Handset ◽  
Equivalent Currents

<div>As the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication</div><div>is utilizing millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands, electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure emitted from a 5G mmWave mobile handset should be evaluated and compliant with the relevant EMF exposure limits in terms of peak spatial-average incident power density. In this work, a fast power density (PD) assessment method for a 5G mmWave mobile handset using the equivalent currents (EQC) method is proposed. The EQC method utilizes the intermediate-field (IF) data collected by a spherical measurement system to reconstruct the EQCs over a reconstruction surface, and then computes the PD in</div><div>close proximity of the mobile handset with acceptable accuracy. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using a mmWave mobile handset mock-up equipped with four quasi-Yagi antennas. The assessed PD results are compared with those computed using full-wave simulations and also those measured with a planar near-field (NF) scanning system. In addition, three influencing factors related to the accuracy of the EQC method, namely, the angular resolution, the phase error, and the handset</div><div>position in the IF measurements, are also analyzed. The proposed method is a good candidate for fast PD assessment of EMF exposure compliance testing in the mmWave frequency range.</div>

scholarly journals Fast Power Density Assessment of 5G Mobile Handset Using Equivalent Currents Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang He ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
Lucia Scialacqua ◽  
Zhinong Ying ◽  
Alessandro Scannavini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Phase Error ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Spatial Average ◽  
Exposure Limits ◽  
Compliance Testing ◽  
Fast Power ◽  
Mobile Handset ◽  
Equivalent Currents

<div>As the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication is utilizing millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequency bands, electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure emitted from a 5G mmWave mobile handset should be evaluated and compliant with the relevant EMF exposure limits in terms of peak spatial-average incident power density. In this work, a fast power density (PD) assessment method for a 5G mmWave mobile handset using the equivalent currents (EQC) method is proposed. The EQC method utilizes the intermediate-field (IF) data collected by a spherical measurement system to reconstruct the EQCs over a reconstruction surface, and then computes the PD in close proximity of the mobile handset with acceptable accuracy. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using a mmWave mobile handset mock-up equipped with four quasi-Yagi antennas. The assessed PD results are compared with those computed using full-wave simulations and also those measured with a planar near-field (NF) scanning system. In addition, three influencing factors related to the accuracy of the EQC method, namely, the angular resolution, the phase error, and the handset position in the IF measurements, are also analyzed. The proposed method is a good candidate for fast PD assessment of EMF exposure compliance testing in the mmWave frequency range.</div>

scholarly journals Measurements of RF Radiation in the Vicinity of FM and TV Broadcasting Stations

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz S. Al-Ruwais
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Above Ground Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Broadcasting Station ◽  
Measured Power ◽  
Tv Broadcasting

This paper provides measurements of power density around an FM and VHF-TV broadcasting station and its variation with distance.  The maximum measured value was about 2.4 mW/cm2 at a height of 2 meters above ground level while the average value was fluctuating around 1 mW/cm2.  It was found that the measured power density increases with height above ground and it reaches about 3.5 mW/cm2 at a height of about 15 meters at a location of about 400 meters from the station.  At a nearer distance of 185 meters from the tower another measurement was taken at a height of 18 meters, the power density increased to 41 mW/cm2.  

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