A Study on the Cost of Two-Dimensional Product Warranty Based on Imperfect Repair

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Yu ◽  
Xiangzhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Imperfect Repair ◽  
Product Warranty ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals Imperfect Repair Strategies for Two-Dimensional Warranty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sima Rouhollahi Varnosafaderani
Keyword(s):  
Working Condition ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Rectangular Region ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
Imperfect Repair ◽  
Free Replacement ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Imperfect Repairs ◽  
Repair Models

<p>When a repairable product under warranty fails, the manufacturer (warrantor) has the choice to either repair or replace the failed product. When repairing a failed product, the degree of repair which affects the working condition of the product can vary, and this is assumed to have an impact on the cost of the repair. The main motivation of this study is to develop a warranty repair strategy that minimizes the costs associated with servicing the warranty. In this research, the product coverage is represented by a two-dimensional rectangular region with a free-replacement warranty. We propose an imperfect repair strategy that suggests employing imperfect repairs of a predefined degree, in prespecified subregions of the warranty region. The aim is to then minimize the expected warranty servicing cost to the manufacturer by determining the optimal partitioning of the warranty region for the chosen degrees of repair. Two imperfect repair models are considered, and for both, the expressions for the distribution of the times to imperfect repair and the expected warranty servicing cost per product sold are derived. We numerically illustrate our findings and compare the expected costs of the proposed imperfect repair strategy with those of previously developed repair-replacement warranty strategies.</p>

scholarly journals Imperfect Repair Strategies for Two-Dimensional Warranty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sima Rouhollahi Varnosafaderani
Keyword(s):  
Working Condition ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Rectangular Region ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
Imperfect Repair ◽  
Free Replacement ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Imperfect Repairs ◽  
Repair Models

<p>When a repairable product under warranty fails, the manufacturer (warrantor) has the choice to either repair or replace the failed product. When repairing a failed product, the degree of repair which affects the working condition of the product can vary, and this is assumed to have an impact on the cost of the repair. The main motivation of this study is to develop a warranty repair strategy that minimizes the costs associated with servicing the warranty. In this research, the product coverage is represented by a two-dimensional rectangular region with a free-replacement warranty. We propose an imperfect repair strategy that suggests employing imperfect repairs of a predefined degree, in prespecified subregions of the warranty region. The aim is to then minimize the expected warranty servicing cost to the manufacturer by determining the optimal partitioning of the warranty region for the chosen degrees of repair. Two imperfect repair models are considered, and for both, the expressions for the distribution of the times to imperfect repair and the expected warranty servicing cost per product sold are derived. We numerically illustrate our findings and compare the expected costs of the proposed imperfect repair strategy with those of previously developed repair-replacement warranty strategies.</p>

scholarly journals Imperfect Repair Strategies for Two-Dimensional Warranty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sima Rouhollahi Varnosafaderani
Keyword(s):  
Working Condition ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Rectangular Region ◽  
Repair Strategy ◽  
Imperfect Repair ◽  
Free Replacement ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Imperfect Repairs ◽  
Repair Models

<p>When a repairable product under warranty fails, the manufacturer (warrantor) has the choice to either repair or replace the failed product. When repairing a failed product, the degree of repair which affects the working condition of the product can vary, and this is assumed to have an impact on the cost of the repair. The main motivation of this study is to develop a warranty repair strategy that minimizes the costs associated with servicing the warranty. In this research, the product coverage is represented by a two-dimensional rectangular region with a free-replacement warranty. We propose an imperfect repair strategy that suggests employing imperfect repairs of a predefined degree, in prespecified subregions of the warranty region. The aim is to then minimize the expected warranty servicing cost to the manufacturer by determining the optimal partitioning of the warranty region for the chosen degrees of repair. Two imperfect repair models are considered, and for both, the expressions for the distribution of the times to imperfect repair and the expected warranty servicing cost per product sold are derived. We numerically illustrate our findings and compare the expected costs of the proposed imperfect repair strategy with those of previously developed repair-replacement warranty strategies.</p>

scholarly journals Dynamics in Braess Paradox with Nonimpulsive Commuters

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Arianna Dal Forno ◽  
Ugo Merlone ◽  
Viktor Avrutin
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Global Attractivity ◽  
Unique Fixed Point ◽  
Social Dilemma ◽  
Rigorous Proof ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Cost Difference ◽  
Braess Paradox ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Cost

In Braess paradox the addiction of an extra resource creates a social dilemma in which the individual rationality leads to collective irrationality. In the literature, the dynamics has been analyzed when considering impulsive commuters, i.e., those who switch choice regardless of the actual difference between costs. We analyze a dynamical version of the paradox with nonimpulsive commuters, who change road proportionally to the cost difference. When only two roads are available, we provide a rigorous proof of the existence of a unique fixed point showing that it is globally attracting even if locally unstable. When a new road is added the system becomes discontinuous and two-dimensional. We prove that still a unique fixed point exists, and its global attractivity is numerically evidenced, also when the fixed point is locally unstable. Our analysis adds a new insight in the understanding of dynamics in social dilemma.

Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbations of a Two-Dimensional Quasigeostrophic Model

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1587-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu Mu ◽  
Zhiyue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Singular Vector ◽  
Nonlinear Evolution ◽  
Initial Perturbation ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Quasigeostrophic Model ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Conditional nonlinear optimal perturbations (CNOPs) of a two-dimensional quasigeostrophic model are obtained numerically. The CNOP is the initial perturbation whose nonlinear evolution attains the maximum value of the cost function, which is constructed according to the physical problems of interests with physical constraint conditions. The difference between the CNOP and a linear singular vector is compared. The results demonstrate that CNOPs catch the nonlinear effects of the model on the evolutions of the initial perturbations. These results suggest that CNOPs are applicable to the study of predictability and sensitivity analysis when nonlinearity is of importance.

A FUZZY LOGIC-BASED APPROACH TO TWO-DIMENSIONAL AUTOMOBILE WARRANTY SYSTEM

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 139-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANG-HYUN LEE ◽  
SANG-JOON LEE ◽  
KYUNG-IL MOON
Keyword(s):  
Claims Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Product Usage ◽  
Reliability Improvement ◽  
Estimation And Prediction ◽  
Data Record ◽  
Warranty Claims ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Warranty Policies

Many attributes contribute to product failures that result in warranty claims. In particular, there are situations where several attributes are used together as criteria for judging the warranty eligibility of a failed product. For example, automobiles warranty coverage has both age and mileage limits. The warranty policy characterized by a region in a two-dimensional plane with one axis representing product age and the other axis representing product usage is known as the "two-attribute" warranty policy. A number of procedures have been developed for analyzing the two-dimensional warranty policy. These procedures use many crisp data obtained from strictly controlled reliability tests. However, in real situations, these requirements might not be fulfilled. In extreme cases, the warranty claims data come from users whose reports are expressed in a vague way. This may be due to subjective and imprecise perception of failures by a user, imprecise warranty data record, or imprecise rate of usage record. This paper suggests fuzziness as an alternative to randomness for describing the two-dimensional warranty uncertainty. A new sets-as-points geometric view of fuzzy warranty sets is developed in this study. This view can reduce many errors of estimation and prediction of the cost associated with a variety of warranty policies including the "two-attribute" warranties and some reliability improvement warranties.

scholarly journals Where the Engineers Are

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (06) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Alan S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Offshore Engineering ◽  
New Business ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
The Cost

This article appreciates the powerful pull of low-cost offshore engineering services. Elkay, a privately held company, employs 3800 workers at 14 manufacturing sites. For most of its 85-year history, it has made stainless steel sinks and plumbing accessories from two-dimensional drawings. In many ways, Elkay’s case highlights the forces behind the new shift to offshore engineering. While multinationals have shuffled work among remote engineering centers for decades, small and medium-size companies are just starting to tap foreign engineering talent. Access to offshore services makes many companies more competitive. Barry-Wehmiller used its Indian center to cut the cost of customizing packaging machines. Elkay used the same engineers to build a library of 3D CAD models that let it design products faster and cheaper. The auto industry is already adapting a new business model that involves collaborating in real time across nontraditional boundaries.

scholarly journals Building Rubiks Cube: A Function Of Production

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Jose Villacis Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Dimensional Cube ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

The Rubiks cube is a special game and a very particular puzzle. The 3-dimensional cube is made up of six faces, or boundary sections, of the same size. Each face, or section, consists of several two dimensional square parts, or cubelets. Every cubelet has the same surface area, and each of the six faces has the same number of cubelets. Therefore, the cubes surface is entirely covered with isocubelets. The cubelets are painted in six different colours, and it is possible to create a design where each face shows only one colour. Such is the object of the game: to turn the cubelets and sections of the cube so that only one (different) colour shows on each one of the six faces. If one manages to master the puzzle, the cube will show six faces of the same size, each coloured differently. The cubelets and sections of the cube can be turned both horizontally and vertically in order to change colours while trying to determine the appropriate combination to complete the puzzle. This approach is linked to a particular function in microeconomics that deals with the relationship between two magnitudes: on the one hand, the moves needed to achieve the desired final design; and on the other hand, the cost linked to the required production processes. This analytical model must use combinatorial mathematics equipment because, after all, the key factor in solving the Rubiks cube is the way in which the cubelets and sections are arranged.

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