Towards Increasing VRU Safety: A Map-Based and Data-Driven Analysis of Accident Black Spots

Author(s):  
Niklas Puller ◽  
Hendrik-Jorn Gunther ◽  
Gwendal Lucas ◽  
Andre Leschke ◽  
Vittorio Rocco
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Comer

Domains visible by transmission electron microscopy, believed to be Dauphiné inversion twins, were found in some specimens of synthetic quartz heated to 680°C and cooled to room temperature. With the electron beam close to parallel to the [0001] direction the domain boundaries appeared as straight lines normal to <100> and <410> or <510> directions. In the selected area diffraction mode, a shift of the Kikuchi lines was observed when the electron beam was made to traverse the specimen across a boundary. This shift indicates a change in orientation which accounts for the visibility of the domain by diffraction contrast when the specimen is tilted. Upon exposure to a 100 KV electron beam with a flux of 5x 1018 electrons/cm2sec the boundaries are rapidly decorated by radiation damage centers appearing as black spots. Similar crystallographio boundaries were sometimes found in unannealed (0001) quartz damaged by electrons.


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