Use of curcumin solution for probe‐based confocal laser endomicroscopy of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus

Abstract Purpose This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of intraoperative assessment of safe margins with confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) during oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) surgery. Methods We included five consecutive patients confirmed OPSCC and planned tumor resection in September and October 2020. Healthy appearing mucosa in the marginal zone, and the tumor margin, were examined with CLE and biopsy during tumor resection. A total of 12,809 CLE frames were correlated with the gold standard of hematoxylin and eosin staining. Three head and neck surgeons and one pathologist were asked to identify carcinoma in a sample of 169 representative images, blinded to the histological results. Results Healthy mucosa showed epithelium with uniform size and shape with distinct cytoplasmic membranes and regular vessel architecture. CLE optical biopsy of OPSCC demonstrated a disorganized arrangement of variable cellular morphology. We calculated an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 86%, 90%, 79%, 88%, and 82%, respectively, with inter-rater reliability and κ-value of 0.60. Conclusion CLE can be easily integrated into the intraoperative setting, generate real-time, in-vivo microscopic images of the oropharynx for evaluation and demarcation of cancer. It can eventually contribute to a less radical approach by enabling a more precise evaluation of the cancer margin.

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Diagnostic accuracy of in vivo early tumor imaging from probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy versus histologic examination in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-021-04156-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muriel Abbaci ◽

Odile Casiraghi ◽

Sebastien Vergez ◽

Aline Maillard ◽

Aïcha Ben Lakhdar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Tumor Imaging ◽

Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Early Tumor

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Presurgical mapping of basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma by confocal laser endomicroscopy compared to traditional micrographic surgery: a single-centre prospective feasibility study

European Journal of Dermatology ◽

10.1684/ejd.2016.2874 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 572-579

Author(s):

Alexandra Schulz ◽

Samira Daali ◽

Mehreen Javed ◽

Paul Christian Fuchs ◽

Michael Brockmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Micrographic Surgery ◽

Single Centre ◽

Presurgical Mapping

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Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy for In Vivo Diagnosis of Early Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Esophagus

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology ◽

10.1016/j.cgh.2007.10.013 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 89-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Oliver Pech ◽

Thomas Rabenstein ◽

Hendrik Manner ◽

Maria C. Petrone ◽

Jürgen Pohl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Early Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

In Vivo Diagnosis

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Impact of intraepithelial capillary loops and atypical vessels in confocal laser endomicroscopy for the diagnosis of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology ◽

10.1007/s00405-021-06954-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matti Sievert ◽

Markus Eckstein ◽

Konstantinos Mantsopoulos ◽

Sarina K. Mueller ◽

Florian Stelzle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Vessel Diameter ◽

Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Significant Feature ◽

Healthy Mucosa

Abstract Purpose Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) allows surface imaging of the laryngeal and pharyngeal mucosa in vivo at a thousand-fold magnification. This study aims to compare irregular blood vessels and intraepithelial capillary loops in healthy mucosa and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) via CLE. Materials and methods We included ten patients with confirmed SCC and planned total laryngectomy in this study between March 2020 and February 2021. CLE images of these patients were collected and compared with the corresponding histology in hematoxylin and eosin staining. We analyzed the characteristic endomicroscopic patterns of blood vessels and intraepithelial capillary loops for the diagnosis of SCC. Results In a total of 54 sequences, we identified 243 blood vessels which were analyzed regarding structure, diameter, and Fluorescein leakage, confirming that irregular, corkscrew-like vessels (24.4% vs. 1.3%; P < .001), dilated intraepithelial capillary loops (90.8% vs. 28.7%; P < .001), and increased capillary leakage (40.7% vs. 2.5%; P < .001), are significantly more frequently detected in SCC compared to the healthy epithelium. We defined a vessel diameter of 30 μm in capillary loops as a cut-off value, obtaining a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV and accuracy of 90.6%, 71.3%, 57.4%, 94.7%, and 77.1%, respectively, for the detection of malignancy based solely on capillary architecture. Conclusion Capillaries within malignant lesions are fundamentally different from those in healthy mucosa regions. The capillary architecture is a significant feature aiding the identification of malignant mucosa areas during in-vivo, real-time CLE examination.

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