First report of Lecanosticta acicola on non-native Pinus mugo in southern Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. e12507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Cleary ◽  
Marili Laas ◽  
Funda Oskay ◽  
Rein Drenkhan
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
First Report ◽  
Lecanosticta Acicola

scholarly journals First Report in Sweden of Downy Mildew on Parsley Caused by Plasmopara petroselini

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Amein ◽  
C. H. B. Olsson ◽  
M. Wikström ◽  
R Findus ◽  
D AB ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Voucher Specimen ◽  
First Report ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Botanical Museum ◽  
The 19Th Century

During September 2004, downy mildew of parsley caused by a species of Plasmopara was observed in an experimental field of parsley (Petroselinum crispum subsp. crispum L. cv. Gigante d'Italia/Hilmar) in Borgeby in southern Sweden. The summer of 2004 was exceptionally wet and humid. Disease became widespread throughout the field in just a few days. Local growers reported that symptoms consistent with downy mildew had appeared in their parsley fields every year since 2001. Plasmopara, under P. nivea, has been reported on parsley in Europe since the middle of the 19th century (4). In recent years, this disease has caused severe damage to parsley grown in several European countries, e.g., France, Germany, Switzerland, and Belgium (1,3). The first symptoms appeared as faint chlorotic spots on the upper surfaces of the leaves. On the corresponding lower surfaces, mycelium and sporangiophores grew profusely and developed a white mat that in part turned dark gray. Eventually, the leaves and stalks became necrotic and died. The sporangiophores were monopodially branched, 248.4 ± 13.36 μm long (n = 17), each branch ending in 2 to 5 ultimate branchlets tapered toward the tip. The trunk diameter measured 7.0 ± 0.77 μm (n = 9) above the basal part and 6.1 ± 0.81 μm just below the first branch. The sporangia were broadly ellipsoidal to ellipsoidal, hyaline, 22.5 ± 0.73 μm long and 16.6 ± 0.48 μm wide (n μ 40). They were mostly nonpapillate when young, although exit pores 4.8 ± 0.32 μm (n = 10) were visible. Mature sporangia exhibited a dehiscence apparatus and a plug in the exit pore. On the basis of the characteristics above, the pathogen was identified as P. petroselini (= P. nivea pro parte [2]). Independent verification of the identity was done by O. Constantinescu at the Botanical Museum, Uppsala, Sweden. A voucher specimen was deposited at the Herbarium UPS, in Uppsala under the number UPS F-118873. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. petroselini on parsley in Sweden. References: (1) E. Bèliard and J. Thibault. Phytoma 554:2, 2002. (2) O. Constantinescu. Taxon 54:813, 2005. (3) C. Crepel and S. Inghelbrecht. Plant Dis. 87:1266, 2003. (4) A. de Bary, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., Sér. 4, 20:5, 1863.

scholarly journals Mycosphaerella dearnessii, a Needle-cast Pathogen on Mountain Pine (Pinus mugo) in Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 922-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. La Porta ◽  
P. Capretti
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Lake Garda ◽  
Northeastern Italy ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Lecanosticta Acicola ◽  
Needle Blight

The pathogen Mycosphaerella dearnessii Barr. (syn. Scirrhia acicola; anamorph Lecanosticta acicola), the causal agent of brown spot needle blight, was observed on Pinus mugo in the Botanical Garden in Gardone (Brescia), on the western side of Garda Lake in northeastern Italy. Symptoms were first noticed in the spring of 1997 by Klaus Lang (University of Freising, Germany). Two years later, all 12 of the P. mugo present in the Garden exhibited extensive necrosis, and defoliation of the crown starting from the bottom upward was more prevalent on the shaded portion of infected trees. The trees were about 50 years old and 2.0 to 2.5 m in height. Symptomatic needles were confined to the 2- and 3-year old internodes. Infected needles had several dark to purplish-brown spots surrounded by green tissue and usually had dead tips. Pycnidia and conidia of Lecanosticta acicola were observed. Conidia were 4-celled, curved, pointed at one end and blunt at the other, pale olive-brown and 20 to 30 × 3 to 4 μm. The fungus was isolated in pure culture. The pathogen causes serious losses in China, eastern United States, and central and South America, but was observed for the first time in Europe only 30 years ago. It is a major cause of needle blight on several European pine species, especially P. sylvestris, P. nigra, and P. mugo. In the last 7 years, there have been reports of the fungus in pine stands, first in France, Aquitaine, and the western Pyrenees on P. radiata (3), and more recently on P. mugo in the Alps in Austria (1), Switzerland (2), and southern Germany (4). This record of the fungus near Lake Garda poses a new serious threat especially for the pine plantations of P. nigra and P. sylvestris in the more humid locations in the Alps, Apennines, and elsewhere in the mountains of southern Europe where the climatic conditions are similar to that of central Europe. This is the first report of M. dearnessii on the southern slopes of the Alps and in Italy. References: (1) M. Brandstetter and T. Cech. Oesterreichische Forstzeitung 110:35, 1999. (2) O. Holdenrieder and T. N. Sieber. Eur. J. For. Pathol. 25:293, 1995. (3) A. Levy and C. Lafaurie. Phytoma 463:33, 1994. (4) L. Pehl L. Nachrichtenbl. Dtsch. Pflanzenschutzdienstes 47:305, 1995.

scholarly journals First Report of Arceuthobium vaginatum subsp. cryptopodum on Pinus mugo

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1395-1395
Author(s):  
R. Mathiasen ◽  
M. Haefeli ◽  
D. Leatherman
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Black Forest ◽  
Dwarf Mistletoe ◽  
First Report ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Northern Arizona ◽  
Positive Identification ◽  
Northern Arizona University

Southwestern dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium vaginatum (Willd.) Presl subsp. cryptopodum (Engelm.) Hawksw. & Wiens, family Viscaceae) is a serious and common pathogen of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex Lawson & C. Lawson) in Colorado, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico (1). In July 2002, this dwarf mistletoe was observed parasitizing a 1.4-m tall mugo pine (P. mugo Turra) in the Black Forest north of Colorado Springs, CO (39°02.118′N, 104°36.028′W, elevation 2,250 m). The infected mugo pine was planted as an ornamental approximately 6 m from a ponderosa pine infected with A vaginatum subsp. cryptopodum. Dwarf mistletoe shoots were produced on the only infected branch observed but this was sufficient for a positive identification of the dwarf mistletoe. Although J. Weir successfully inoculated mugo pine with western dwarf mistletoe (A. campylopodum Engelm.) and lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe (A. americanum Nutt. ex Engelm.) (2), to our knowledge, this is the first report of a dwarf mistletoe occurring naturally on P. mugo, as well as the first report of A vaginatum subsp. cryptopodum on P. mugo (1). Specimens of A vaginatum subsp. cryptopodum from P. mugo have been deposited in the Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff (Accession No. 73761). References: (1) F. Hawksworth and D. Wiens. Dwarf mistletoes: biology, pathology, and systematics. USDA Agric. Handb. 709, 1996. (2) J. Weir. Bot. Gaz. 56:1, 1918.

scholarly journals Dothistroma septosporum Not Detected in Pinus sylvestris Seed Trees from Investigated Stands in Southern Poland

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1323
Author(s):  
Pola Wartalska ◽  
Tomasz Oszako ◽  
Sławomir Bakier ◽  
Lassaâd Belbahri ◽  
Tadeusz Malewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
First Report ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Lecanosticta Acicola ◽  
Dothistroma Septosporum ◽  
Propagation Material

In recent years, the decline of pine stands in Europe, including Poland, has been caused by the emerging needle pathogen Dothistroma septosporum. Although this fungus appears to preferentially infect Pinus pini, P. pinaster or P. radiata in Southern Europe, it has been reported in stands of P. nigra, P. mugo and P. sylvestris from Southern Poland. Our preliminary tests of symptomatic needles of diseased pines, including black pine (P. nigra), showed the presence of both D. septosporum and D. pini—the latter as the first report in Poland. No other endophytic pathogen, i.e., Lecanosticta acicola or Cenangium ferruginosum, were found. More extensive molecular surveying based on β-tub2 amplification of DNA in needle samples from 72 seed trees of P. sylvestris in nine different Forest Districts of Southern Poland did not find the presence of D. septosporum. Our study revealed that the seed trees from which we collected propagation material were free from the pathogen, and its endophytic behavior was not confirmed in our testing. Consequently, these investigated trees of P. sylvestris should be suitable for seed collection and propagation, following the requirements of “good” phytosanitary quality as “pathogen-free” pine seeds used for reforestation.

Author response for "First report of Lecanosticta acicola on pine and non-pine hosts in Turkey"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oskay, Funda ◽  
Laas, Marili ◽  
Mullett, Martin ◽  
Lehtijarvi, Asko ◽  
Dogmus-Lehtijarvi, Hatice Tugba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Author Response ◽  
First Report ◽  
Lecanosticta Acicola

scholarly journals First report of Lecanosticta acicola on pine and non‐pine hosts in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Funda Oskay ◽  
Marili Laas ◽  
Martin Mullett ◽  
Asko Lehtijärvi ◽  
Hatice Tuğba Doğmuş‐Lehtijärvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Report ◽  
Lecanosticta Acicola
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