Objective.CagA+/vacAs1+/vacAm1+ Helicobacter pyloriupregulates the expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 1 (TRAF1), tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 (4-1BB), and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) in human gastric epithelial cells. We investigated the correlation betweencagA/vacAs1/vacAm1andTRAF1/4-1BB/Bcl-xLexpression in gastric mucosal tissue of patients with gastric disorders.Methods. We collected gastric mucosa samples from 35 chronic, nonatrophic gastritis (CG) patients, 41 atrophic gastritis patients, 44 intestinal metaplasia with atypical hyperplasia (IM) patients, and 28 gastric carcinoma (Ca) patients. The expression of TRAF1,4-1BB, andBcl-xLwas determined using western blotting. The expression ofcagA, vacAs1, andvacAm1inH. pyloriwas examined with polymerase chain reaction.Results. The expression ofTRAF1,4-1BB, andBcl-xLwas significantly upregulated in IM and Ca patients (P<0.05compared with CG). There were more cases ofcagA+/vacAs1+/vacAm1+ H. pyloriinfection in samples with elevatedTRAF1,4-1BB, orBcl-xLexpression (P<0.05). Additionally, there were a remarkably large number of samples with upregulatedTRAF1/4-1BB/Bcl-xLexpression in cases ofcagA+/vacAs1+/vacAm1+ H. pyloriinfection (44 cases, 67.7%;P<0.05).Conclusions. The pathogenesis of IM and Ca may be promoted bycagA+/vacAs1+/vacAm1+ H. pylori, possibly via upregulatedTRAF1,4-1BB, andBcl-xLin gastric mucosal tissue.