Role of lateral hypothalamus in two aspects of attention in associative learning

In this study we investigated the influence of electrolytic lesion or of opioid agonist injections into the lateral hypothalamus (LH) on the dipsogenic, natriuretic, kaliuretic, antidiuretic, pressor, and bradycardiac effects of cholinergic stimulation of the medial septal area (MSA) in rats. Sham- and LH-lesioned male Holtzman rats received a stainless steel cannula implanted into the LH. Other groups of rats had cannulas implanted simultaneously into the MSA and LH. Carbachol (2 nmol) injection into the MSA induced water intake, pressor, and bradycardic responses. LH lesion reduced all of these effects (1-3 and 15-18 days). Previous injection of synthetic opiate agonist, FK-33824 (100 ng), into the LH reduced the water intake, natriuresis, kaliuresis, and pressor responses induced by carbachol injected into the MSA. These data show that both electrolytic lesion or injection of an opiate agonist in the LH reduces the fluid-electrolyte and cardiovascular responses to cholinergic activation of the MSA. The involvement of LH with central excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms related to fluid-electrolytic and cardiovascular control is suggested.

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The Role of Repetition in Associative Learning

The American Journal of Psychology ◽

10.2307/1420016 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 148

Author(s):

James H. Straughan

Keyword(s):

Associative Learning

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Role of Prefrontal and Parietal Cortices in Associative Learning

Cerebral Cortex ◽

10.1093/cercor/bhm123 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 904-914 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

J. R. Anderson ◽

D. Byrne ◽

J. M. Fincham ◽

P. Gunn

Keyword(s):

Associative Learning ◽

Parietal Cortices

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The role of intolerance of uncertainty in the acquisition and extinction of reward

10.1101/2020.05.18.101212 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jayne Morriss ◽

Nicolo Biagi ◽

Tina B. Lonsdorf ◽

Marta Andreatta

Keyword(s):

Associative Learning ◽

Conceptual Understanding ◽

Skin Conductance Response ◽

Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽

Acquisition Training ◽

Learning Task ◽

Partial Reward ◽

Extinction Training ◽

Corrugator Supercilii

AbstractIndividuals, who score high in self-reported intolerance of uncertainty (IU), tend to find uncertainty anxiety-provoking. IU has been reliably associated with disrupted threat extinction. However, it remains unclear whether IU would be related to disrupted extinction to other arousing stimuli that are not threatening (i.e., rewarding). We addressed this question by conducting a reward associative learning task with acquisition and extinction training phases (n = 58). Throughout the associative learning task, we recorded valence ratings (i.e. liking), skin conductance response (SCR) (i.e. sweating), and corrugator supercilii activity (i.e. brow muscle indicative or negative and positive affect) to learned reward and neutral cues. During acquisition training with partial reward reinforcement, higher IU was associated with greater corrugator supercilii activity to neutral compared to reward cues. IU was not related to valence ratings or SCR’s during the acquisition or extinction training phases. These preliminary results suggest that IU-related deficits during extinction may be limited to situations with threat. The findings further our conceptual understanding of IU’s role in the associative learning and extinction of reward, and in relation to the processing of threat and reward more generally.

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