This report describes a particular situation of young population in Romania: the population of NEETs, with a focus on rural NEETs.Based on a complex methodology which uses data from different national sources (INS) and international sources (Eurostat, EU Labour Force Survey-EU-LFS, OECD),this report gives an overview of the evolution and particularities of NEETs in Romania during the previous deca-de, namely 2009-2019.Within the last ten years, the population of NEETs in Romania has grown rapidly, placing Ro-mania in first place in the EU-28 in terms of the share of this population among the young population. Thus, in 2009 Romania with a NEET rate of 13.9%, occupied first places in the EU, along with Bulgaria (19.5%), Italy (17.5%), Latvia (17.5%) (Eurostat, 2020). A decade later, in Bulgaria and Latvia, the NEET rate decreased significantly to 13.7% and 7.9%, respectively, but in Romania and Italy it increased by more than 1pp: 14.7% in Romania and 18.1% in Italy. (Eurostat, 2020). The causes for this are both individual (way of life, socio-familial origin, expectations and aspirations) and socio-economic (accessibility of the education system, development of lifelong learning, correspondence between education and labour market demand, particu-larities of the Romanian labour market, socio-economic policies supported by central and local authorities, etc.)