Critical Flicker Frequency in Migraine. A Controlled Study in Patients without Prophylactic Therapy

The critical flicker frequencies (CFF) of individuals with migraine with and without aura were determined and compared to those of normal controls. Twenty-six migraine patients, 12 with aura and 14 without aura and 30 healthy controls were included. Migraineurs were tested during a migraine-free period, through both the continuous flicker method (CFM) and the forced choice method (FCM). Migraineurs presented a mean flickering fusion threshold lower than healthy controls with the CFM (40.45 vs. 44.33, respectively; P = 0.019) and with the FCM (34.16 Hz vs. 38.5 Hz, respectively, P = 0.019). Both groups of migraineurs had significantly lower thresholds as compared to controls, migraineurs with aura presenting the lowest thresholds for the fusion of flickering ( P = 0.008 and P = 0.0001 with the CFM and the FCM, respectively). Results confirmed and extended previous observations of abnormal flicker fusion thresholds in migraineurs. We hypothesize that this finding might be related to a shorter cortical stimulation silent period.

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Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency (CFF): The Method of Limits and the Forced Choice Method

Pharmacopsychiatry ◽

10.1055/s-2007-1019543 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 15 (S 1) ◽

pp. 16-20

Author(s):

H. Ott ◽

R. Cristea ◽

K. Fichte

Keyword(s):

Forced Choice ◽

Critical Flicker Fusion ◽

Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽

Fusion Frequency ◽

Critical Flicker Fusion Frequency ◽

Flicker Fusion ◽

Choice Method

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Flicker Fusion Test and Occupational Toxicology: Performance Evaluation in Workers Exposed to Lead and Solvents

Human Toxicology ◽

10.1177/096032718300200107 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 83-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alberto Betta ◽

Azelio De Santa ◽

Cecilia Savonitto ◽

Franco D'Andrea

Keyword(s):

Critical Flicker Frequency ◽

Exposed Group ◽

Biological Parameter ◽

Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽

Flicker Frequency ◽

Factory Workers ◽

Neurotoxic Effects ◽

Lead Levels ◽

Flicker Fusion ◽

Occupational Toxicology

1 In a group of 108 workers professionally exposed to low lead levels and in 35 shoe factory workers exposed to a mixture of solvents, neurotoxic effects were evaluated by means of Critical Flicker Frequency, used as single test of psychophysiological performance. 2 A statistically significant lowering of CFF threshold was observed and, in the lead exposed group, this decrease is related to the biological parameter zinc protoporphyrin. 3 The usefulness of CFF measure in environmental toxicology, together with other neurophysiological tests, is considered.

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Application of Harmonic Analysis to Residual Brightness Flicker

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1973.37.1.191 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 191-198

Author(s):

Charles W. Swisher ◽

Evans J. Mandes

Keyword(s):

Harmonic Analysis ◽

Analytic Functions ◽

Critical Flicker Frequency ◽

Flicker Frequency ◽

Flicker Fusion ◽

Clear Relation

Harmonic analysis has in recent years contributed significantly to the understanding of flicker fusion phenomena, including the areas of heterochromatic flicker where critical flicker frequency is viewed as a function of pulse-to-cycle fraction. In this context, modifications of selected values of variables in previous harmonic analytic functions for describing changes in heterochromatic critical flicker frequency were considered. These modifications allow the luminance aspect of heterochromatic flicker to be viewed in clear relation to conventional luminance flicker rather than in terms of the chromatic aspects of the heterochromatic flicker situation.

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The development and standardization of a group test for critical flicker frequency.

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e417612004-001 ◽

1956 ◽

Author(s):

Donald G. Doehring ◽

W. Dixon Ward ◽

W. Carroll Hixson

Keyword(s):

Critical Flicker Frequency ◽

Flicker Frequency ◽

Group Test

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Meta-analysis: The diagnostic accuracy of critical flicker frequency in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717976342.793470833 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Philip Rosenthal

Keyword(s):

Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽

Critical Flicker Frequency ◽

Flicker Frequency

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Minimal hepatic encephalopathy and critical flicker frequency are associated with survival of patients with cirrhosis.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.725736376.793535948 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sharon DeMorrow

Keyword(s):

Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽

Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽

Critical Flicker Frequency ◽

Flicker Frequency

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Forced-Choice vs Free-Response in Personality Assessment

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1963.13.1.159 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 159-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Peter F. Merenda ◽

Walter V. Clarke

Keyword(s):

Personality Assessment ◽

Forced Choice ◽

Self Concept ◽

Personality Profiles ◽

Psychological Measurement ◽

Free Response ◽

Relative Validity ◽

General Consensus ◽

Choice Method ◽

Statistical Results

Two self-rating adjective check lists (ACL) were administered to 44 students in a course on psychological measurement. The first ACL administered was the regular free response list, followed immediately with a forced-choice version in which the adjectives were arranged into tetrad sets. Ipsative scoring was used and profiles compared. The correlations between the profiles ranged from −1.00 to 1.00, more than 40% falling in the negative range. Ss gave their impressions and reactions to both inventories, and evaluated the relative validity of the results. A majority favored the free-response technique and felt that it would yield a more accurate description of their self-concepts and personality structures. General consensus was that the forced-choice instructions led to frustration, increased irritability, and decreased motivation. Ss felt that the free-response instrument presented a more relaxing situation and was even enjoyable to take. Ss' verbal reactions were consistent with the statistical results. The findings suggest that the forced-choice method is likely to be inappropriate for use with adjective check lists in self-concept assessment and analysis, and may lead not only to distortion in the personality profiles, but also to reversals.

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