Spawn site selection and colony size of the frog (Rana temporaria) and the toad (Bufo bufo)

2009 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Colony Size ◽  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Frog Rana Temporaria ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo

Susceptibility of frog (Rana temporaria) and toad (Bufo bufo) eggs to invasion by Saprolegnia

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Griffiths ◽  
Jim Robinson ◽  
Peter Jeffries
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Frog Rana Temporaria ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo ◽  
Development Proceeds

AbstractInfections of amphibian eggs sometimes cause catastrophic losses of reproductive effort, but susceptibility to infection in different species is poorly understood. Using laboratory trials we showed that direct hyphal invasion of adjacent eggs by Saprolegnia caused a higher incidence of infection than invasion by zoospores. Moreover, we observed that dead eggs were much more readily colonized than live eggs when challenged with zoospores from two strains of Saprolegnia. The two strains were equally effective in causing infections of Rana temporaria eggs, but differed in their ability to infect eggs of Bufo bufo. In live R. temporaria eggs, early stages (pre-tailbud) were more frequently infected by hyphal invasion than later stages by the same strains, suggesting that susceptibility to infection decreases as development proceeds.

Hormonal induction of spermatozoa from amphibians with Rana temporaria and Bufo bufo as anuran models

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 599 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Uteshev ◽  
N. V. Shishova ◽  
S. A. Kaurova ◽  
R. K. Browne ◽  
E. N. Gakhova
Keyword(s):  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Valuable Component ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Frog Rana Temporaria ◽  
The Common ◽  
Hormonal Priming ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo

The use of hormonally induced spermatozoa expressed in urine (HISu) is a valuable component of reproduction technologies for amphibians. Five protocols for sampling HISu from the European common frog (Rana temporaria) were compared: (1) pituitary extracts, (2) 0.12 µg g–1 luteinising hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa), (3) 1.20 µg g–1 LHRHa, (4) 11.7 IU g–1 human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and (5) 23.4 IU g–1 hCG (g–1 = per gram bodyweight). From 1 to 24 h after administration we assessed the number and concentration of spermatozoa in spermic urine and in holding water, and in urine the percentage of motile spermatozoa and their progressive motility. The protocol using 1.20 µg g–1 LHRHa gave the highest total sperm numbers (650 × 106) and the highest percentage (40%) of samples with sperm concentrations above 200 × 106 mL–1. The percentage motility and progressive motility was similar from all protocols. Considerable amounts of spermatozoa were expressed by R. temporaria into their holding water. We tested hormonal priming and spermiation in the common toad (Bufo bufo) using 0.13 µg g–1 LHRHa administered 24 h before a final spermiating dose of 12.8 IU g–1 hCG. No spermatozoa were expressed in holding water. Priming resulted in 35% more spermatozoa than without; however, there were no differences in sperm concentrations. Primed B. bufo produced spermatozoa with significantly higher percentage motility, but not progressive motility, membrane integrity, or abnormal spermatozoa than unprimed males.

scholarly journals How fast do amphibians disperse? Introductions, distribution and dispersal of the common frog Rana temporaria and the common toad Bufo bufo on a coastal island in Central Norway

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dag Dolmen ◽  
Jan Seland
Keyword(s):  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Common Frog ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Population Dispersal ◽  
Frog Rana Temporaria ◽  
The Common ◽  
Coastal Island ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo

<p>The common frog (Rana temporaria) and the common toad (Bufo bufo) were introduced successfully to the coastal island of Frøya in Central Norway several times during 1960–2012. There is still a very high degree of conformity between sites where they were introduced and the present distribution of the two species. However, in western Frøya, a release of frogs about 1996 was followed by a quick expansion of their distribution area; in 2012 and 2013, breeding was registered close to 7 km westwards and eastwards, respectively, i.e. a population dispersal speed of approximately 0.4 km/yr. On eastern Frøya and some small islands in the archipelago, area expansions at another four frog localities have been prevented by ecological barriers like unfavourable limnetic or terrestrial habitats or salty water. Two local common toad populations on eastern Frøya do not show any expansion either. However, an apparently isolated record of the species on western Frøya in 2011 can possibly be explained by the expansion westwards of a population in northern central Frøya, where toads were introduced around 1995. This stretch is about 9.9 km, i.e. an average population dispersal speed of 0.6 km/yr.</p>

Bufadienolides from the Eggs of the Toad Bufo bufo gargarizans and Their Antimelanoma Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-wen Zhou ◽  
Jing-yu Quan ◽  
Zi-wei Li ◽  
Ge Ye ◽  
Zhuo Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Bufo Gargarizans ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo
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