Verbal Learning Differences in Epileptic Patients with Left and Right Temporal Lobe Foci

Epilepsia ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Mungas ◽  
Cindy Ehlers ◽  
Nancy Walton ◽  
Charlotte B. McCutchen
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Learning Differences ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Left And Right

Verbal memory compensation: Application to left and right temporal lobe epileptic patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
C BRESSON ◽  
V LESPINETNAJIB ◽  
A ROUGIER ◽  
B CLAVERIE ◽  
B NKAOUA
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Left And Right

Components of verbal learning and hippocampal damage assessed by T2 relaxometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMANDA G. WOOD ◽  
MICHAEL M. SALING ◽  
MARIE F. O'SHEA ◽  
SAMUEL F. BERKOVIC ◽  
GRAEME D. JACKSON
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Hippocampal Damage ◽  
T2 Relaxation ◽  
Verbal Recall ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Components Analysis

We studied a group of 31 temporal lobe epilepsy patients (25 left, 6 right) with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis evident on magnetic resonance imaging. Single slice T2 relaxation times were acquired for the left and right hippocampi. Principal components analysis of preoperative memory data resulted in two factors that reflect a distinction between arbitrary and semantic forms of verbal recall. The former component correlated with left hippocampal T2 relaxation time, while the latter component did not. This study suggests that variation in left hippocampal integrity is more related to the acquisition of arbitrary associates than semantically structured material, and reinforces the possibility that the left temporal lobe is functionally heterogeneous with respect to memory. (JINS, 2000, 6, 529–538.)

scholarly journals M146. NEUROCHEMICAL MODULATION OF AUDITORY CORTEX FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH AUDITORY VERBAL HALLUCINATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S191-S191
Author(s):  
Sarah Weber ◽  
Helene Hjelmervik ◽  
Alexander R Craven ◽  
Erik Johnsen ◽  
Rune Kroken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Auditory Hallucinations ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Auditory Verbal Hallucinations ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Neurochemical Correlates

Abstract Background Auditory hallucinations have been linked to aberrant functioning of the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and are associated with impaired cognitive control regulated by areas in the prefrontal cortex. However, the mechanisms behind these dysfunctions are still unclear. Methods The current study combined resting state connectivity fMRI with MR spectroscopy (MRS) in a sample of 81 psychosis patients to explore how neurochemical correlates of auditory hallucinations modulate left STG functioning. The analyses were focused on glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), two neurotransmitters with excitatory and inhibitory functions, respectively, since these have previously been implicated in psychosis. Results Glu and GABA showed differential relationships with left STG connectivity in patients with and without hallucinations. Specifically, Glu concentration in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was positively related to functional connectivity between the left and right temporal lobe in hallucinating patients only. In contrast, GABA concentration in the ACC was negatively related to connectivity between the left and right temporal lobe in non-hallucinating patients only. Discussion These findings support a recently proposed model of interhemispheric temporal lobe miscommunication in auditory hallucinations and indicate prefrontal neurochemical modulation as a potential underlying mechanism. The results can further be integrated with previously suggested excitatory/inhibitory imbalances as neurochemical modulators in AVH.

Reduced Verbal Learning Associated With Posterior Temporal Lobe Slow Wave Activity

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Foster ◽  
David W. Harrison ◽  
Gregory P. Crucian ◽  
Valeria Drago ◽  
Robert D. Rhodes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Slow Wave Activity

scholarly journals The Causal Role of Left and Right Superior Temporal Gyri in Speech Perception in Noise: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1092-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Kennedy-Higgins ◽  
Joseph T. Devlin ◽  
Helen E. Nuttall ◽  
Patti Adank
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Background Noise ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Left Temporal Lobe ◽  
Neural Organization ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Listening Strategies

Successful perception of speech in everyday listening conditions requires effective listening strategies to overcome common acoustic distortions, such as background noise. Convergent evidence from neuroimaging and clinical studies identify activation within the temporal lobes as key to successful speech perception. However, current neurobiological models disagree on whether the left temporal lobe is sufficient for successful speech perception or whether bilateral processing is required. We addressed this issue using TMS to selectively disrupt processing in either the left or right superior temporal gyrus (STG) of healthy participants to test whether the left temporal lobe is sufficient or whether both left and right STG are essential. Participants repeated keywords from sentences presented in background noise in a speech reception threshold task while receiving online repetitive TMS separately to the left STG, right STG, or vertex or while receiving no TMS. Results show an equal drop in performance following application of TMS to either left or right STG during the task. A separate group of participants performed a visual discrimination threshold task to control for the confounding side effects of TMS. Results show no effect of TMS on the control task, supporting the notion that the results of Experiment 1 can be attributed to modulation of cortical functioning in STG rather than to side effects associated with online TMS. These results indicate that successful speech perception in everyday listening conditions requires both left and right STG and thus have ramifications for our understanding of the neural organization of spoken language processing.

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