Direct Determination of Colonic Nitric Oxide Level—A Sensitive Marker of Disease Activity in Ulcerative Colitis

1998 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Rachmilewitz ◽  
R Eliakim ◽  
Z Ackerman ◽  
F Karmeli
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Kinoue ◽  
Satoshi Asai ◽  
Yukimoto Ishii ◽  
Koichi Ishikawa ◽  
Masashi Fujii ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S263-S264
Author(s):  
M Byrne ◽  
J East ◽  
M Iacucci ◽  
S Travis ◽  
R Kalapala ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Central Reading Org.& the pharma industry employ subject matter experts(SMEs)to score videos from sites participating in clinical trials for Ulcerative Colitis(UC).As we are developing Artificial Intelligence(AI)models for scoring purposes,we need to build a new software interface that can incorporate these AI models to aid SMEs,making their determination of the scores for each segment of the video & for the video as a whole.We propose a system that reduces the time for SMEs to review & score videos,improving the accuracy of scoring,with the help of our AI models. Methods We built a web-based interface supported by our AI models which can read,write multiple databases & data stores to read & display videos to be scored by a central reader, as well as the associated metadata required to improve the process.User interface shows a timeline with markers for the segments of the colon,with sections that are blurry,poorly prepped,or unscorable highlighted in different colours.While we could also highlight sections of the video with the precise score assigned to it by the AI,this would bias the central reader’s opinion.We hide the precise score generated by our AI models & instead display 3 colours for low,medium or high disease activity.When a video is loaded to be read by the user,the playback marker is set to the first high disease activity section based on known medical indexes such as the Mayo Endoscopic Subscore(MES) & UCEIS(Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity),usually consists of a few seconds of video & that video is played back continuously in a loop until the reader selects the appropriate score for that section.When the reader saves the section,the software immediately moves the video cursor to the highest scored section of the video.That way the central reader can review only the relevant portions of the video to confirm the score assigned to each segment.If the central reader’s scores do not align well with the AI scores then the software continues to show more sections of the video to the user,including sections it may have labeled as unscorable,that may be scorable. Results The review of the system by 3 key opinion leaders,user experience was positive.Not only does the system allow the reader’s attention to be more efficiently used,but the interface allows both AI & central reader scores to be saved,allowing for the latter to be used iteratively to re-train & improve the underlying AI model(s).Our tool was also used by a gastroenterologist specialist in order to perform video quality assessment & colon sections scoring. Conclusion We developed an AI tool that can be used to improve the efficiency & accuracy of the central reading process in clinical trials for UC.Further work is ongoing to improve the interface.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S276-S276
Author(s):  
G Babayeva-Sadigova ◽  
Z Babayev ◽  
U Mahmudov ◽  
G Asadova ◽  
F Quliyev ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The prevalence of opportunistic infections in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains relevant. Viral infections are a common cause of systemic inflammation of the digestive tract. Clinically expressed herpes infections are a serious problem, especially for individuals with prolonged immunosuppression. The aim of this study was t o assess the frequency of detection of herpes-6 type with polyps in patients with IBD. Methods 189 patients with IBD, 102 with ulcerative colitis and 87 with Crohn’s disease were examined. Of the number of patients: 98women, 91man. The age of the patients is from 16 to 63 years (mean age 41.4 ± 4.8), out of 189 patients intestinal polyps were identified in 61 patients with a colonoscopy. In addition to standard clinical and endoscopic examinations, disease activity was assessed by indicators of highly sensitive C-reactive protein, homocysteine, vitamin D in blood serum, albumin in urine, calprotectin, lactoferrin and pyruvate kinase in faeces. All patients underwent a serological blood test by ELISA for specific antibodies to herpesvirus type 1–6 IgG/IgM antibodies, as well as avidity, determination of DNA to herpes viruses of types 1–6 species by PCR in blood and mucosal biopsy. Results Among patients with IBD (n = 189), active herpes viruses in the blood were found in 65 patients (34.4%); of them, 39 patients (20.6% (n = 189) and 60%(n = 65),respectively) were diagnosed with monoherpesvirus infections, and 26 (13.7%(n = 189) and 40%(n = 65), respectively) of myxedvirus infections. PCR of the biopsy material was positive in isolation for type 6 herpes virus in 22 cases (11.6% (n = 189) and 33.8% (n = 65)) and in 34 cases (17.9% (n = 189) and 52.3% (n = 65)) a myxedvirus lesion was detected in the tissue (HV6 + EPB, HV6 + CMV), these indicators were detected in patients with intestinal polyps. Although clinical and endoscopic and laboratory indicators of disease activity were significantly higher in patients with mixed tissue lesions (p˂0.05), the level of faecal pyruvate kinase was higher in patients with polyps, indicating a negative effect of herpes type 6 on the course of inflammatory bowel diseases. At the same time, no significant differences were found between patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Conclusion The frequency of occurrence of herpes type 6 on PCR biopsy in patients with polyps with IBD is more than 91.8% (36.5% in isolation and 55.7% of mixed lesions) and is accompanied by higher rates of faecal pyruvate kinase, which is already an indicator of emerging malignancy. The authors propose the determination of polyps in patients with IBD HV6 by PCR biopsy of intestinal tissue.


2013 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. S-767
Author(s):  
Lori A. Coburn ◽  
Maithili V. Chitnavis ◽  
Mallary E. Hodges ◽  
Sara N. Horst ◽  
Caroline T. Brown ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 974.1-974
Author(s):  
A. Elzawawy ◽  
M. El bordiny ◽  
I. Abdelghany ◽  
I. Khalil ◽  
N. Baddor

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