Species’ response patterns to habitat fragmentation: do trees support the extinction threshold hypothesis?

Oikos ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 119 (8) ◽  
pp. 1335-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Montoya ◽  
Fabio S. Alburquerque ◽  
Marta Rueda ◽  
Miguel A. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Extinction Threshold

scholarly journals Response of fish species to river restoration – the role of species traits

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Höckendorff ◽  
Jonathan D Tonkin ◽  
Peter Haase ◽  
Margret Bunzel-Drüke ◽  
Olaf Zimball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
River Restoration ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Functional Ecology ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Repeated Sampling

Species are known to respond differently to restoration efforts, but we still lack a clear conceptual understanding of these differences. We analyzed the development of an entire fish community as well as the relationship between multi-metric response patterns of fish species and their ecological species traits at a comprehensively monitored river restoration project, the Lippe River in Germany. Using electrofishing data from 21 consecutive years (4 years pre- and 17 years post-restoration) from multiple restored and unrestored control reaches, we demonstrated that this restoration fully reached its targets, approximately doubling both species richness and abundance. Species richness continuously increased while fish density exhibited an overshooting response in the first years post restoration. Both richness and abundances stabilized approximately seven years after the restoration, although interannual variability remained considerable. The response of each species to the restoration was characterized using a set of six parameters. Relating the dissimilarity in species response to their ecological dissimilarity, based on 13 species traits, we found life-history and reproduction-related traits were the most important for species’ responses to restoration. Short-lived species with early female maturity and multiple spawning runs per year exhibited the strongest response, reflecting the ability of fast reproducers to rapidly colonize new habitats. Fusiform-bodied species also responded more positively than deep-bodied species, reflecting the success of this restoration to reform appropriate hydromorphological conditions (riffles and shallow bays), for which these species depend. Our results demonstrate that repeated sampling over periods longer than seven years are necessary to reliably assess river restoration outcomes. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the utility of species traits for examining restoration outcomes, particularly the metapopulation and metacommunity processes driving recovery dynamics. Focusing on species traits instead of species identity also allows for easier transfer of knowledge to other biogeographic areas and promotes coupling to functional ecology.

The use of call imitation to establish territory occupancy by Leadbeater's possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri)

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Harley
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Secondary Survey ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
Reliable Interpretation ◽  
Leadbeater's Possum

Leadbeater’s possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) is a cryptic, endangered species that is notoriously difficult to detect using conventional mammal survey methods. However, the imitation of the species’ social contact and/or alarm calls has previously been found to attract resident animals. Call imitation was employed as a secondary survey method to confirm ongoing site occupancy by Leadbeater’s possum at Yellingbo Nature Conservation Reserve. All call imitation reported here was conducted at sites currently or previously known to be occupied by particular family groups. The results indicate that the method has considerable promise as a tool to facilitate broad-scale surveys targeting this species. However, ‘false negatives’ did occur during the surveys at Yellingbo, highlighting that additional testing is required to adequately characterise the species’ response patterns, in particular variation in the response rate in occupied territories and the distance over which animals will respond. A detailed understanding of these factors is essential to permit reliable interpretation of survey findings.

scholarly journals Response of fish species to river restoration – the role of species traits

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Höckendorff ◽  
Jonathan D Tonkin ◽  
Peter Haase ◽  
Margret Bunzel-Drüke ◽  
Olaf Zimball ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
River Restoration ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Functional Ecology ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Repeated Sampling

Species are known to respond differently to restoration efforts, but we still lack a clear conceptual understanding of these differences. We analyzed the development of an entire fish community as well as the relationship between multi-metric response patterns of fish species and their ecological species traits at a comprehensively monitored river restoration project, the Lippe River in Germany. Using electrofishing data from 21 consecutive years (4 years pre- and 17 years post-restoration) from multiple restored and unrestored control reaches, we demonstrated that this restoration fully reached its targets, approximately doubling both species richness and abundance. Species richness continuously increased while fish density exhibited an overshooting response in the first years post restoration. Both richness and abundances stabilized approximately seven years after the restoration, although interannual variability remained considerable. The response of each species to the restoration was characterized using a set of six parameters. Relating the dissimilarity in species response to their ecological dissimilarity, based on 13 species traits, we found life-history and reproduction-related traits were the most important for species’ responses to restoration. Short-lived species with early female maturity and multiple spawning runs per year exhibited the strongest response, reflecting the ability of fast reproducers to rapidly colonize new habitats. Fusiform-bodied species also responded more positively than deep-bodied species, reflecting the success of this restoration to reform appropriate hydromorphological conditions (riffles and shallow bays), for which these species depend. Our results demonstrate that repeated sampling over periods longer than seven years are necessary to reliably assess river restoration outcomes. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the utility of species traits for examining restoration outcomes, particularly the metapopulation and metacommunity processes driving recovery dynamics. Focusing on species traits instead of species identity also allows for easier transfer of knowledge to other biogeographic areas and promotes coupling to functional ecology.

Stimulus Ratio Effects on Speech Discrimination by Children and Adults

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan E. Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Response Pattern ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Speech Discrimination ◽  
Adult Group ◽  
Discrimination Accuracy ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Adults And Children

This investigation examined the response strategies and discrimination accuracy of adults and children aged 5–10 as the ratio of same to different trials was varied across three conditions of a “change/no-change” discrimination task. The conditions varied as follows: (a) a ratio of one-third same to two-thirds different trials (33% same), (b) an equal ratio of same to different trials (50% same), and (c) a ratio of two-thirds same to one-third different trials (67% same). Stimuli were synthetic consonant-vowel syllables that changed along a place of articulation dimension by formant frequency transition. Results showed that all subjects changed their response strategies depending on the ratio of same-to-different trials. The most lax response pattern was observed for the 50% same condition, and the most conservative pattern was observed for the 67% same condition. Adult response patterns were most conservative across condition. Differences in discrimination accuracy as measured by P(C) were found, with the largest difference in the 5- to 6-year-old group and the smallest change in the adult group. These findings suggest that children’s response strategies, like those of adults, can be manipulated by changing the ratio of same-to-different trials. Furthermore, interpretation of sensitivity measures must be referenced to task variables such as the ratio of same-to-different trials.

Author response for "Diabetes alters immune response patterns to acute melioidosis in humans"

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Kronsteiner ◽  
Panjaporn Chaichana ◽  
Manutsanun Sumonwiriya ◽  
Kemajitra Jenjaroen ◽  
Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Response Patterns

Item Bias Analysis of the Young Schema-Questionnaire for Psychopathology, Gender, and Educational Level

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen M. Rijkeboer ◽  
Huub van den Bergh ◽  
Jan van den Bout
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Item Bias ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Dutch Population ◽  
Bias Analysis ◽  
Young Schema Questionnaire ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Schema Questionnaire

This study examines the construct validity of the Young Schema-Questionnaire at the item level in a Dutch population. Possible bias of items in relation to the presence or absence of psychopathology, gender, and educational level was analyzed, using a cross-validation design. None of the items of the YSQ exhibited differential item functioning (DIF) for gender, and only one item showed DIF for educational level. Furthermore, item bias analysis did not identify DIF for the presence or absence of psychopathology in as much as 195 of the 205 items comprising the YSQ. Ten items, however, spread over the questionnaire, were found to yield relatively inconsistent response patterns for patients and nonclinical participants.

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