scholarly journals Effect of Sei and Fin whale Müller glia in the survival and neurite growth of RGCs in vitro

2022 ◽  
Vol 100 (S267) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xandra Pereiro ◽  
Noelia Ruzafa ◽  
Sandra Beriain ◽  
Elena Vecino
Keyword(s):  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Muller Glia ◽  
Müller Glia ◽  
Fin Whale

scholarly journals The effect of extrinsic Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in Muller glia on retinal ganglion cell neurite growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Ganeswara Rao Musada ◽  
Galina Dvoriantchikova ◽  
Ciara Myer ◽  
Dmitry Ivanov ◽  
Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cell ◽  
Neurite Growth ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Muller Glia ◽  
Müller Glia

scholarly journals Pressure-dependent modulation of inward-rectifying K+ channels: implications for cation homeostasis and K+ dynamics in glaucoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (2) ◽  
pp. C375-C389
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Fischer ◽  
Abigail L. Roux ◽  
Lauren K. Wareham ◽  
Rebecca M. Sappington
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Muller Glia ◽  
Müller Glia ◽  
Cation Homeostasis ◽  
K2p Channels ◽  
And Function

Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, resulting from degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which form the optic nerve. Prior to structural degeneration, RGCs exhibit physiological deficits. Müller glia provide homeostatic regulation of ions that supports RGC physiology through a process called K+ siphoning. Recent studies suggest that several retinal conditions, including glaucoma, involve changes in the expression of K+ channels in Müller glia. To clarify whether glaucoma-related stressors directly alter expression and function of K+ channels in Müller glia, we examined changes in the expression of inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels and two-pore domain (K2P) channels in response to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in vivo and in vitro in primary cultures of Müller glia exposed to elevated hydrostatic pressure. We then measured outcomes of cell health, cation homeostasis, and cation flux in Müller glia cultures. Transcriptome analysis in a murine model of microbead-induced glaucoma revealed pressure-dependent downregulation of Kir and K2P channels in vivo. Changes in the expression and localization of Kir and K2P channels in response to elevated pressure were also found in Müller glia in vitro. Finally, we found that elevated pressure compromises the plasma membrane of Müller glia and induces cation dyshomeostasis that involves changes in ion flux through cation channels. Pressure-induced changes in cation flux precede both cation dyshomeostasis and membrane compromise. Our findings have implications for Müller glia responses to pressure-related conditions, i.e., glaucoma, and identify cation dyshomeostasis as a potential contributor to electrophysiological impairment observed in RGCs of glaucomatous retina.

scholarly journals Dexamethasone protects retinal ganglion cells but not Müller glia against hyperglycemia in vitro

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e0207913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xandra Pereiro ◽  
Noelia Ruzafa ◽  
Arantxa Acera ◽  
Alex Fonollosa ◽  
F. David Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Muller Glia ◽  
Müller Glia

Müller glia activation by VEGF-antagonizing drugs: An in vitro study on rat primary retinal cultures

2016 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Gaddini ◽  
Monica Varano ◽  
Andrea Matteucci ◽  
Cinzia Mallozzi ◽  
Marika Villa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Muller Glia ◽  
Müller Glia ◽  
Glia Activation ◽  
Retinal Cultures

scholarly journals Comparative lipidomic analysis of mammalian retinal ganglion cells and Müller glia in situ and in vitro using High-Resolution Imaging Mass Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xandra Pereiro ◽  
Roberto Fernández ◽  
Gabriel Barreda-Gómez ◽  
Noelia Ruzafa ◽  
Arantxa Acera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Imaging Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Muller Glia ◽  
Müller Glia ◽  
Ocular Diseases

AbstractIn order to better understand retinal physiology, alterations to which underlie some ocular diseases, we set out to establish the lipid signature of two fundamental cell types in the retina, Müller Glia and Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGCs). Moreover, we compared the lipid signature of these cells in sections (in situ), as well as after culturing the cells and isolating their cell membranes (in vitro). The lipidome of Müller glia and RGCs was analyzed in porcine retinal sections using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-IMS). Isolated membranes, as well as whole cells from primary cell cultures of RGCs and Müller glia, were printed onto glass slides using a non-contact microarrayer (Nano Plotter), and a LTQ-Orbitrap XL analyzer was used to scan the samples in negative ion mode, thereafter identifying the RGCs and Müller cells immunohistochemically. The spectra acquired were aligned and normalized against the total ion current, and a statistical analysis was carried out to select the lipids specific to each cell type in the retinal sections and microarrays. The peaks of interest were identified by MS/MS analysis. A cluster analysis of the MS spectra obtained from the retinal sections identified regions containing RGCs and Müller glia, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry in the same sections. The relative density of certain lipids differed significantly (p-value ≤ 0.05) between the areas containing Müller glia and RGCs. Likewise, different densities of lipids were evident between the RGC and Müller glia cultures in vitro. Finally, a comparative analysis of the lipid profiles in the retinal sections and microarrays identified six peaks that corresponded to a collection of 10 lipids characteristic of retinal cells. These lipids were identified by MS/MS. The analyses performed on the RGC layer of the retina, on RGCs in culture and using cell membrane microarrays of RGCs indicate that the lipid composition of the retina detected in sections is preserved in primary cell cultures. Specific lipid species were found in RGCs and Müller glia, allowing both cell types to be identified by a lipid fingerprint. Further studies into these specific lipids and of their behavior in pathological conditions may well help identify novel therapeutic targets for ocular diseases.

scholarly journals Transgenic expression of the proneural transcription factor Ascl1 in Müller glia stimulates retinal regeneration in young mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (44) ◽  
pp. 13717-13722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Ueki ◽  
Matthew S. Wilken ◽  
Kristen E. Cox ◽  
Laura Chipman ◽  
Nikolas Jorstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Muller Glia ◽  
Müller Glia ◽  
Retinal Regeneration ◽  
Transgenic Expression ◽  
Retinal Injury ◽  
Young Mice

Müller glial cells are the source of retinal regeneration in fish and birds; although this process is efficient in fish, it is less so in birds and very limited in mammals. It has been proposed that factors necessary for providing neurogenic competence to Müller glia in fish and birds after retinal injury are not expressed in mammals. One such factor, the proneural transcription factor Ascl1, is necessary for retinal regeneration in fish but is not expressed after retinal damage in mice. We previously reported that forced expression of Ascl1 in vitro reprograms Müller glia to a neurogenic state. We now test whether forced expression of Ascl1 in mouse Müller glia in vivo stimulates their capacity for retinal regeneration. We find that transgenic expression of Ascl1 in adult Müller glia in undamaged retina does not overtly affect their phenotype; however, when the retina is damaged, the Ascl1-expressing glia initiate a response that resembles the early stages of retinal regeneration in zebrafish. The reaction to injury is even more pronounced in Müller glia in young mice, where the Ascl1-expressing Müller glia give rise to amacrine and bipolar cells and photoreceptors. DNaseI-seq analysis of the retina and Müller glia shows progressive reduction in accessibility of progenitor gene cis-regulatory regions consistent with the reduction in their reprogramming. These results show that at least one of the differences between mammal and fish Müller glia that bears on their difference in regenerative potential is the proneural transcription factor Ascl1.

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