Religious orientations, prototypicality threat, and attitudes toward church–state separation

Numerous theorists argue that the anomie characteristic of contemporary mass-society results in a lack of meaning and personal identity and that membership of small religious communities serves to relieve, if not eliminate, this existential vacuum. In order to explore this area further, four religious communities in Johannesburg — the Jesus People, the Hare Krishna Devotees, the Maharaj Ji Premies and a Catholic Priest community — were given the Purpose-in-Life test together with its complementary scale (Seeking-of-Noetic- Goals Test) as well as the Religious Orientation Scale. Analysis of the data confirmed the hypotheses that as a function of integration into any one of these groups individuals' lives take on greater meaning and purpose and that the motivation to seek meaning decreases. The results also indicate that members' personal religious orientations become more intrinsic.

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Model of Muslim Religious Spirituality: Impact of Muslim Experiential Religiousness on Religious Orientations and Psychological Adjustment among Iranian Muslims

Archive for the Psychology of Religion ◽

10.1163/15736121-12341354 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (2-3) ◽

pp. 117-140

Author(s):

Nima Ghorbani ◽

P. J. Watson ◽

Hamid Reza Gharibi ◽

Zhuo Job Chen

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

University Students ◽

Psychological Adjustment ◽

Religious Orientation ◽

Office Workers ◽

Religious Orientations ◽

Religious Spirituality

Previous research indicates that spirituality expressed in tradition-specific terms may initiate, invigorate, and integrate Muslim religious commitments, suggesting a 3-I Model of Religious Spirituality. In a test of this model, Islamic seminarians, university students, and office workers in Iran ( N = 604) responded to Muslim Experiential Religiousness (MER), Religious Orientation, and mental health scales. The tradition- specific spirituality of MER displayed correlation, moderation, and mediation results with Intrinsic and Extrinsic Personal Religious Orientations that pointed toward initiation, invigoration, and integration effects, respectively. MER also clarified the ambiguous implications of the Extrinsic Social Religious Orientation. These data most generally confirmed the heuristic potential of the 3-I Model.

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A Research on the Determination of Religious Orientations of Consumers

Journal of Business Management and Economic Research ◽

10.29226/tr1001.2020.201 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 198-219

Author(s):

Ferdi AKBIYIK

Keyword(s):

Religious Orientations

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Comparative Reading of Motherhood Identities in East African and Indonesian Literature

Jurnal Humaniora ◽

10.22146/jh.49832 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 170

Author(s):

Stanley Elias

Keyword(s):

Social Stigma ◽

Male Child ◽

The Other ◽

Literary Texts ◽

East African ◽

Physical Trauma ◽

Religious Orientations ◽

Other Hand ◽

Reduced Forms

The study comparatively examines the representation of motherhood identities and the trauma of being childless to women in African and Indonesian literary texts namely Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Secret Lives and other Stories, Elieshi Lema’s Parched Earth, Ratih Kumala’s Genesis and Iwan Setyawan’s Ibuk. Central to the analysis of this study is the argument that the existing cultural and religious discourses significantly contribute to the ways motherhood identities are construed in the society. Of a particular note, motherhood is argued to be a desired position that every woman wants most and is ready to sacrifice for it. Importantly, marriage, religious orientations and orders of the patriarchy certify motherhood and its related identities in the society. On the other hand, childlessness or failure to bear a male child circumscribe women in reduced forms of their identities and so subjects them to psychological and physical trauma and of course a social stigma.

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