scholarly journals Fitness of reciprocal F 1 hybrids between Rhinanthus minor and Rhinanthus major under controlled conditions and in the field

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 931-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate A. Wesselingh ◽  
Šárka Hořčicová ◽  
Khaled Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Rhinanthus Minor

scholarly journals Fitness of reciprocal F1 hybrids between Rhinanthus minor and Rhinanthus major under controlled conditions and in the field

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate A. Wesselingh ◽  
Šárka Hořčicová ◽  
Khaled Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Transplant Experiment ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Genetic Incompatibility ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
Rhinanthus Minor

AbstractThe performance of first-generation hybrids determines to a large extent the long-term outcome of hybridization in natural populations. F1 hybrids can facilitate further gene flow between the two parental species, especially in animal-pollinated flowering plants. We studied the performance of reciprocal F1 hybrids between Rhinanthus minor and R. major, two hemiparasitic, annual, self-compatible plant species, from seed germination to seed production under controlled conditions and in the field. We sowed seeds with known ancestry outdoors before winter and followed the complete life cycle until plant death in July the following season. While germination under laboratory conditions was much lower for the F1 hybrid formed on R. major compared to the reciprocal hybrid formed on R. minor, this difference disappeared under field conditions, pointing at an artefact caused by the experimental conditions during germination in the lab rather than at an intrinsic genetic incompatibility. Both F1 hybrids performed as well as or sometimes better than R. minor, which had a higher fitness than R. major in one of the two years in the greenhouse and in the field transplant experiment. The results confirm findings from naturally mixed populations, where F1 hybrids appear as soon as the two species meet and which leads to extensive advanced-hybrid formation and introgression in subsequent generations.

Development of a Rapid Survey Method of Sampling and Analysis for Asbestos in Ambient Air

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 630-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Heffelfinger ◽  
C. W. Melton ◽  
D. L. Kiefer ◽  
W. M. Henry ◽  
R. J. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Unequivocal Identification ◽  
Identification And Quantification

A methodology has been developed and demonstrated which is capable of determining total amounts of asbestos fibers and fibrils in air ranging from as low as fractional nanograms per cubic meter (ng/m3) of air to several micrograms/m3. The method involves the collection of samples on an absolute filter and provides an unequivocal identification and quantification of the total asbestos contents including fibrils in the collected samples.The developed method depends on the trituration under controlled conditions to reduce the fibers to fibrils, separation of the asbestos fibrils from other collected air particulates (beneficiation), and the use of transmission microscopy for identification and quantification. Its validity has been tested by comparative analyses by neutron activation techniques. It can supply the data needed to set emissions criteria and to serve as a basis for assessing the potential hazard for asbestos pollution to the populace.

AMORPHIZATION OF NiZr INTERFACES UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS OF DEFORMATION AND TEMPERATURE

1990 ◽  
Vol 51 (C4) ◽  
pp. C4-241-C4-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. MARTELLI ◽  
G. MAZZONE ◽  
A. MONTONE ◽  
M. VITTORI ANTISARI
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Conditions

Mass Initial Rearing of Burbot Lota Lota (L.) Larvae Under Controlled Conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Żarski ◽  
Wojciech Sasinowski ◽  
Dariusz Kucharczyk ◽  
Maciej Kwiatkowski ◽  
Sławomir Krejszeff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lota Lota ◽  
Controlled Conditions

The Influence of Stocking Density On Survival and Growth of Buenos Aires Tetra (Hemigrammus Caudovittatus) Larvae Reared Under Controlled Conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kupren ◽  
Dariusz Kucharczyk ◽  
Maja Prusińska ◽  
Sławomir Krejszeff ◽  
Katarzyna Targońska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Survival And Growth

Reproduction of Buenos Aires Tetra (Hemigrammus Caudovittatus) Under Controlled Conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kucharczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Targońska ◽  
Maja Prusińska ◽  
Sławomir Krejszeff ◽  
Krzysztof Kupren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Controlled Conditions

Symptoms Development as Tools to Differentiate Dorizontal Resistance in Sunflower

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cipta Meliala ◽  
Felicity Fear ◽  
Denis Tourvieille de Labrouhe
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Horizontal Resistance ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
Plasmopara Halstedii ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Symptom Progression

Downy mildew symptoms caused by Plasmopara halstedii encountered in sunflower plantation are varied. This variation may be related to the resistance mechanism presented by plant to the invasion of the fungus. Our objectives were firstly is to evaluate symptom development after fungus race 710 inoculation on some vegetative stage of susceptible hybrid. Second objective is to evaluate the reaction some sunflower genotypes after fungus inoculation. The study was conducted under controlled conditions or under netting cages in the field. The development of downy mildew symptoms were affected by all factors studied. Shoot inoculation may present a good method to produce downy mildew symptom similar to the natural infection. Downy mildew symptom progression may be used to screen a genotype with a horizontal resistance.

Susceptibility to root tip breakage increases storage losses of sugar beet genotypes

2016 ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Hoffmann ◽  
Katharina Schnepel
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Sugar Loss

Good storability of sugar beet is of increasing importance, not only to reduce sugar losses, but also with regard to maintaining the processing quality. Genotypic differences are found in storage losses. However, it is not clear to which extent damage may contribute to the genotypic response. The aim of the study was to quantify the effect of root tip breakage on storage losses of different genotypes. For that purpose, in 2012 and 2013, six sugar beet genotypes were grown in field trials at two locations. After lifting roots were damaged with a cleaning device. They were stored for 8 and 12 weeks, either under controlled conditions in a climate container at constant 8°C, or under ambient temperature in an outdoor clamp. The close correlation underlines that storage losses under controlled conditions (constant temperature) can well be transferred to conditions in practice with fluctuating temperature. The strongest impact on invert sugar accumulation and sugar loss after storage resulted from storage time, followed by damage and growing environment (year × growing site). Cleaning reduced soil tare but increased root tip breakage, in particular for genotypes with low marc content. During storage, pathogen infestation and invert sugar content of the genotypes increased with root tip breakage, but the level differed between growing environments. Sugar loss was closely related to invert sugar accumulation for all treatments, genotypes and environments. Hence, it can be concluded that root tip breakage contributes considerably to storage losses of sugar beet genotypes, and evidently genotypes show a different susceptibility to root tip breakage which is related to their marc content. For long-term storage it is therefore of particular importance to avoid damage during the harvest operations and furthermore, to have genotypes with high storability and low susceptibility to damage.

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