scholarly journals Whole‐body amino acid pattern of juvenile, preadult, and adult pacu,Piaractus mesopotamicus,with an estimation of its dietary essential amino acid requirements

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kifayat U. Khan ◽  
Cleber F.M. Mansano ◽  
Thiago M.T. Nascimento ◽  
André Z. Boaratti ◽  
Andressa T. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Piaractus Mesopotamicus ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements

Amino acid requirements of the growing meat rabbit 1. The amino acid composition of rabbit whole-body tissue — a theoretical estimate of ideal amino acid balance

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Moughan ◽  
W. H. Schultze ◽  
W. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Theoretical Estimate ◽  
Body Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Methionine Concentration ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

ABSTRACTWhole-body amino acid composition was determined in six male and six female 53-day-old New Zealand White rabbits. There were no significant sex differences in whole-body amino acid compositition except for arginine and glycine where whole-body concentrations (g/16 g N) were significantly lower in the females (P < 0·05). Overall mean whole-body essential amino acid levels (relative to lysine = 100 units) were methionine = 20; cystine = 41; histidine = 50; phenylalanine = 65; tyrosine = 50; threonine = 64; leucine = 112; isoleucine = 51; valine = 62; arginine = 109. The lysine concentration of rabbit whole-body tissue was 6·12 g/16 g N. There was close agreement between rabbit whole-body amino acid composition and corresponding published values for the rat and pig, although the rabbit whole-body cystine was high and methionine concentration low compared with the rat or pig. The rabbit whole-body amino acid pattern can be regarded as approximating an ideal balance of dietary amino acids and as such indicates discrepancies in current recommendations on the essential amino acid requirements for growth in the meat rabbit.

scholarly journals Estimation of the dietary essential amino acid requirements of colliroja Astyanax fasciatus by using the ideal protein concept

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 888-894
Author(s):  
Wilson Massamitu Furuya ◽  
Mariana Michelato ◽  
Ana Lúcia Salaro ◽  
Thais Pereira da Cruz ◽  
Valéria Rossetto Barriviera-Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Amino Acid Requirement ◽  
Astyanax Fasciatus ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Ideal Protein ◽  
The Ideal

Colliroja, Astyanax fasciatus, is a new aquaculture species, and information on its dietary essential amino acid requirements is lacking. The whole body composition of 120 farmed fish (16.2 ± 8.8 g) was determined to estimate the dietary essential amino acid requirement based on the ideal protein concept ((each essential amino acid/lysine) ×100), and the findings were correlated to the whole body essential amino acid content of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. The dietary essential amino acids, including cysteine and tyrosine, accounted for 5.46, 4.62, 1.16, 3.28, 5.63, 2.01, 2.59, 2.84, 4.66, 3.39, 0.65, and 3.51% of the total protein for lysine, arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, methionine+tyrosine, phenylalanine, phenylalanine+tyrosine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine, respectively. There were positive linear and high correlations (r = 0.971) between the whole body amino acid profiles of colliroja and Nile tilapia. Thus, the whole body amino acid profile of colliroja might be used to estimate accurately the essential amino acid requirement.

Evaluation of the optimum dietary essential amino acid pattern for adult pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)

Aquaculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 540 ◽  
pp. 736686
Author(s):  
Thaís S. Oliveira ◽  
Kifayat U. Khan ◽  
André Z. Boaratti ◽  
Andressa T. Rodrigues ◽  
Matheus P. Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Piaractus Mesopotamicus

Estimation of the ideal dietary essential amino acid pattern for pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) in the later-juvenile growth phase

2021 ◽  
pp. 115146
Author(s):  
Andressa Tellechea Rodrigues ◽  
Cleber Fernando Menegasso Mansano ◽  
Kifayat Ullah Khan ◽  
Thiago Matias Torres do Nascimento ◽  
Monique Virães Barbosa dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Juvenile Growth ◽  
Piaractus Mesopotamicus ◽  
The Ideal

ESSENTIAL AMINO ACID REQUIREMENTS

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 269-272
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements

Whole-body leucine and lysine metabolism: response to dietary protein intake in young men

1981 ◽  
Vol 240 (6) ◽  
pp. E712-E721 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Motil ◽  
D. E. Matthews ◽  
D. M. Bier ◽  
J. F. Burke ◽  
H. N. Munro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Dietary Protein Intake ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Maintenance Requirements ◽  
Lysine Metabolism

Whole-body leucine and lysine metabolism was explored in young adult men by a primed constant intravenous infusion of a mixture of L-[1–13C]leucine and L-[alpha-15N]lysine over a 4-h period. Subjects were studied after an overnight fast (postabsorptive state) or while consuming hourly meals (fed state) after adaptation to diets providing either a surfeit level of protein (1.5 g.kg body-1.day-1), a level approximating maintenance requirements (marginal intake) (0.6 g.kg body wt-1.day-1), or a grossly inadequate level (0.1 g.kg-1.day-1). The change in protein intake from a marginal to a surfeit level was associated with an increased leucine flux and incorporation of leucine into body protein. In the fed state, oxidation of leucine increased sharply and release of leucine from tissue protein diminished. When dietary protein intake was reduced from the requirement to inadequate level, leucine flux and body protein synthesis and protein breakdown were reduced, together with a smaller reduction in leucine oxidation. The response of the metabolism of [15N]lysine was responsible for maintenance of leucine and other essential amino acid economy, and they appear to be related to the nitrogen and amino acid requirements of the subject. These findings also demonstrate an effect of meals, modulated by their protein content, on the dynamics of whole-body amino acid metabolism.

scholarly journals Amino Acid Characteristics of Nigerian Local Cheese (‘Wara’)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Adeyeye EI ◽  
◽  
Idowu OT ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Excellent Source ◽  
Better Than

This article reports the amino acid composition of the Nigerian local cheese called ‘wara’. ‘Wara’ is made by boiling cow milk with some added coagulant to cuddle the milk protein resulting in coagulated milk protein and whey. ‘Wara’ used to be an excellent source of nutrients such as proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins. Samples were purchased in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Amino acid values were high (g/100g crude protein) in Leu, Asp, Glu, Pro, Phe, Arg with total value of 97.7. The quality parameters of the amino acids were: TEAA (42.6g/100g and 43.6%) whereas TNEAA (55.1g/100g and 56.4%); TArAA (12.8g/100g and 13.1%); TBAA (14.2g/100g and 14.5%); TSAA (3.10g/100g and 3.17%); %Cys in TSAA (51.4); Leu/Ile ratio (1.74); P-PER1 (2.65); P-PER2 (2.48); P-PER3 (2.41); EAAI1 (soybean standard) (1.29) and EAAI2 (egg standard) (99.9); BV (97.2) and Lys/Trp ratio (3.62). The statistical analysis of TEAA/TNEAA at r=0.01 was not significantly different. On the amino acid scores, Met was limiting (0.459) at egg comparison, Lys was limiting at both FAO/WHO [24] and preschool EAA requirements with respective values of 0.966 and 0.97. Estimates of essential amino acid requirements at ages 10-12 years (mg/kg/day) showed the ‘wara’ sample to be better than the standard by 3.72-330% with Lys (3.72%) being least better and Trp (330%) being most. The results showed that ‘wara’ is protein-condensed which can be eaten as raw cheese, flavoured snack, sandwich filling or fried cake.

The amino acid requirements of pigs for maintenance and for growth

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 60-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F. Fuller ◽  
R. McWilliam ◽  
T.C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Optimal Balance ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Direct Experiment ◽  
Better Than

The optimal balance of amino acids in the diet of the growing pig was estimated by ARC (1981) on the basis of a number of disparate studies augmented by data on the amino acid composition of the whole body on the premise that the amino acids incorporated into accreted body proteins are the major determinant of requirements and that this pattern is not distorted by inequalities in the utilisation of individual amino acids. In an accompanying paper (Wang & Fuller, paper no. 91) an optimal pattern was derived by direct experiment which was shown to be utilised better than that described by ARC (1981). That pattern, however, which related to one particular rate of nitrogen input and the particular rate of protein accretion which that input supported, includes two components, a requirement for maintenance and a requirement for protein accretion. There is clear evidence from studies with rats and chicks that the optimal pattern of amino acids for maintenance and growth are quite different and so the optimal pattern for any particular rate of growth will depend on the relative contributions of the two components. The purpose of this experiment was to estimate both.

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