scholarly journals One microRNA‐like small RNA – two silencing pathways?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Thieron ◽  
Mansi Singh ◽  
Ralph Panstruga
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Silencing Pathways

scholarly journals tRNA 2′-O-methylation by a duo of TRM7/FTSJ1 proteins modulates small RNA silencing in Drosophila

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 2050-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita T Angelova ◽  
Dilyana G Dimitrova ◽  
Bruno Da Silva ◽  
Virginie Marchand ◽  
Caroline Jacquier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Rna Structure ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Self Recognition ◽  
Silencing Pathways ◽  
Rna Pathways ◽  
And Function

Abstract 2′-O-Methylation (Nm) represents one of the most common RNA modifications. Nm affects RNA structure and function with crucial roles in various RNA-mediated processes ranging from RNA silencing, translation, self versus non-self recognition to viral defense mechanisms. Here, we identify two Nm methyltransferases (Nm-MTases) in Drosophila melanogaster (CG7009 and CG5220) as functional orthologs of yeast TRM7 and human FTSJ1. Genetic knockout studies together with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and RiboMethSeq mapping revealed that CG7009 is responsible for methylating the wobble position in tRNAPhe, tRNATrp and tRNALeu, while CG5220 methylates position C32 in the same tRNAs and also targets additional tRNAs. CG7009 or CG5220 mutant animals were viable and fertile but exhibited various phenotypes such as lifespan reduction, small RNA pathways dysfunction and increased sensitivity to RNA virus infections. Our results provide the first detailed characterization of two TRM7 family members in Drosophila and uncover a molecular link between enzymes catalyzing Nm at specific tRNAs and small RNA-induced gene silencing pathways.

scholarly journals Small RNA Silencing Pathways in Germ and Stem Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 73 (0) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Aravin ◽  
G.J. Hannon
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Silencing Pathways

Small RNA-mediated gene silencing pathways in C. elegans

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1306-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia E.J. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Silencing Pathways

Analysis of CACTA transposase genes unveils the mechanism of intron loss and distinct small RNA silencing pathways underlying divergent evolution of Brassica genomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beibei Liu ◽  
Aiko Iwata‐Otsubo ◽  
Diya Yang ◽  
Robert L. Baker ◽  
Chun Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Intron Loss ◽  
Divergent Evolution ◽  
Silencing Pathways

scholarly journals Gene silencing pathways found in the green alga Volvox carteri reveal insights into evolution and origins of small RNA systems in plants

BMC Genomics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Dueck ◽  
Maurits Evers ◽  
Stefan R. Henz ◽  
Katharina Unger ◽  
Norbert Eichner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Volvox Carteri ◽  
Silencing Pathways

scholarly journals PLP-1 is essential for germ cell development and germline gene silencing in Caenorhabditiselegans

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (22) ◽  
pp. dev195578
Author(s):  
Rajaram Vishnupriya ◽  
Linitha Thomas ◽  
Lamia Wahba ◽  
Andrew Fire ◽  
Kuppuswamy Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Nucleic Acid Binding ◽  
Germline Gene ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Rna Granules ◽  
Germ Granules ◽  
Rna Biogenesis ◽  
Silencing Pathways

ABSTRACTThe germline genome is guarded against invading foreign genetic elements by small RNA-dependent gene-silencing pathways. Components of these pathways localize to, or form distinct aggregates in the vicinity of, germ granules. These components and their dynamics in and out of granules are currently being intensively studied. Here, we report the identification of PLP-1, a Caenorhabditiselegans protein related to the human single-stranded nucleic acid-binding protein Pur-alpha, as a component of germ granules in C. elegans. We show that PLP-1 is essential for silencing different types of transgenes in the germ line and for suppressing the expression of several endogenous genes controlled by the germline gene-silencing pathways. Our results reveal that PLP-1 functions downstream of small RNA biogenesis during initiation of gene silencing. Based on these results and the earlier findings that Pur-alpha proteins interact with both RNA and protein, we propose that PLP-1 couples certain RNAs with their protein partners in the silencing complex. PLP-1 orthologs localized on RNA granules may similarly contribute to germline gene silencing in other organisms.

Small RNA Silencing Pathways

2007 ◽  
pp. 75-88
Author(s):  
Phillip Zamore ◽  
Alla Sigova
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Silencing Pathways

Small RNA Silencing Pathways

2007 ◽  
pp. 93-106
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Silencing Pathways

Diverse small RNA-directed silencing pathways in plants

2008 ◽  
Vol 1779 (11) ◽  
pp. 720-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z XIE ◽  
X QI
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Silencing Pathways

scholarly journals From transcription to translation: new insights in the structure and function of Argonaute protein

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-559
Author(s):  
Corinna Giorgi ◽  
Carlo Cogoni ◽  
Caterina Catalanotto
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Argonaute Proteins ◽  
Ancestral Function ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes ◽  
Silencing Pathways ◽  
Genome Protection ◽  
And Function

AbstractArgonaute proteins play a central role in gene silencing pathways mediated by small RNA molecules. The ancestral function of small RNA-dependent silencing is related to genome protection against parasitic nucleic acids, such as transposons and viruses. However, new classes of small RNAs are continuously being uncovered in all higher eukaryotes in which they play important functions in processes ranging from embryonic development to differentiation to cell proliferation and metabolism. Small RNAs have variegated biogenesis pathways and accomplish distinct functions. Nevertheless, it appears that all small RNAs work merely as guides in recognizing the target RNAs invariably relying on the interaction with Argonaute proteins and associated factors for their biological function. Here, we discuss recent findings on the structure and regulation of mammalian Argonaute proteins and overview the various roles that these versatile proteins play in regulating gene expression.

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