A phosphorus‐limitation induced, functionally conserved DUF506 protein is a repressor of root hair elongation in plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Ying ◽  
Elison B. Blancaflor ◽  
Fuqi Liao ◽  
Wolf‐Rüdiger Scheible
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation

scholarly journals A Phosphorus-Limitation Induced, Functionally Conserved DUF506 Protein is a Repressor of Root Hair Elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Ying ◽  
Elison Blancaflor ◽  
Fuqi Liao ◽  
Wolf Rüdiger Scheible
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Brachypodium Distachyon ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Phosphorus Limitation ◽  
Rab Gtpase ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Domain Of Unknown Function

Root hairs (RHs) function in nutrient and water acquisition, root metabolite exudation, soil anchorage and plant-microbe interactions. Longer or more abundant RHs are potential breeding traits for developing crops that are more resource-use efficient and can improve soil health. RH elongation is controlled by both environmental and endogenous factors. While many genes are known to promote RH elongation, relatively little is known about genes and mechanisms that constrain RH growth. Here we demonstrate that a DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 506 (DUF506) protein, AT3G25240, negatively regulates Arabidopsis thaliana RH growth. The AT3G25240 gene is strongly and specifically induced during P-limitation. Mutants of this gene, which we call REPRESSOR OF EXCESSIVE ROOT HAIR ELONGATION 1 (RXR1), have much longer RHs, while over-expression of the gene results in much shorter RHs. RXR1 physically interacts with a Rab-GTPase (RXR2), and an rxr2 mutant phenocopies the rxr1 mutant. Overexpression of a Brachypodium distachyon RXR1 homolog resulted in repression of RH elongation in Brachypodium. Taken together, our results reveal a DUF506-GTPase module with a prominent role in repression of RH elongation that is conserved in monocots and dicots.

SEM and fluorescence imaging of callose deposition in root hair tips and suspension cultures of Streptanthus tortuosus

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 698-699
Author(s):  
K.S. Walters ◽  
R.D. Sjolund ◽  
K.C. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Root Hair ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Callose Deposition ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Ultraviolet Illumination ◽  
Callose Formation

Callose, B-1,3-glucan, a component of cell walls, is associated with phloem sieve plates, plasmodesmata, and other cell wall structures that are formed in response to wounding or infection. Callose reacts with aniline blue to form a fluorescent complex that can be recognized in the light microscope with ultraviolet illumination. We have identified callose in cell wall protuberances that are formed spontaneously in suspension-cultured cells of S. tortuosus and in the tips of root hairs formed in sterile callus cultures of S. tortuosus. Callose deposits in root hairs are restricted to root hair tips which appear to be damaged or deformed, while normal root hair tips lack callose deposits. The callose deposits found in suspension culture cells are restricted to regions where unusual outgrowths or protuberances are formed on the cell surfaces, specifically regions that are the sites of new cell wall formation.Callose formation has been shown to be regulated by intracellular calcium levels.

Enzymes involved in legume root hair infection by rhizobia

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
David John Hume
Keyword(s):  
Root Hair ◽  
Root Hair Infection
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