Transfer of a single fresh in vitro‐produced embryo may prevent twin pregnancy without compromising the fertility of the cow

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando López‐Gatius ◽  
Roberta Saleri ◽  
Fabio De Rensis ◽  
Mónica Llobera‐Balcells ◽  
Irina Garcia‐Ispierto
Keyword(s):  
Twin Pregnancy

scholarly journals Trisomy 21 in both fetuses in a DCDA twin pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e227608
Author(s):  
Jiawen Ong ◽  
Arundhati Gosavi ◽  
Arijit Biswas ◽  
Mahesh Choolani
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Prenatal Screening ◽  
Chorionic Villus ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
In Vitro Fertilisation ◽  
Chorionic Villus Sampling ◽  
Detection Rates

A woman’s chances of having a child with Down syndrome increases with age. By age 40, the risk of conceiving a child with Down syndrome is about 1 in 100. We report a rare case of dizygotic dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy conceived via in vitro fertilisation, with both twins having trisomy 21. Both fetuses were independently detected to be at high risk of autosomal trisomy, initially via first-trimester screening and subsequently via invasive definitive diagnostic tests (ie, chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis).Diagnosis of trisomy 21 has to be made via initial non-invasive prenatal screening, followed by further rigorous and accurate invasive pregnancy testing for confirmation. The gravity of the results necessitates high detection rates and high specificity of prenatal screening tests. Management of the patient must be multidisciplinary and supportive in nature, involving extensive and non-directive pregnancy counselling and management, genetic counselling and management of psychological distress.

77 Monozygotic Twin Calves Production by Blastomere Separation Technique with Commercial Well-of-the-Well Culture Dish

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Y. Hashiyada ◽  
Y. Aikawa ◽  
H. Matsuda ◽  
T. Yamanouchi ◽  
Y. Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Monozygotic Twin ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Culture Dish ◽  
Significant Difference

Monozygotic twin bovine embryos can be produced by blastomere separation of 2-cell embryos and commercial well-of-the-well (WOW) culture dish (Hashiyada et al. 2016 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 28, 178) obtaining 60% and 48% of blastocyst formation and monozygotic blastocyst pairs, respectively. The present study was conducted to evaluate the fertility of blastocysts derived from this production system in Japanese Black beef cattle. Embryos were produced using oocytes collected by ovum pick-up technique. TCM-199 supplemented with 5% calf serum (CS), Brackett-Oliphant solution supplemented with 10 mg mL−1 BSA, and CR1aa containing 5% CS, were used for each culture step: in vitro maturation, fertilization, and culture (IVM,IVF, and IVC). Two-cell stage embryos were obtained 24 to 27 h post-insemination. Zonae pellucidae were removed by exposure to 0.25% pronase. Then, embryos were separated into blastomeres by gentle pipetting in IVC medium. Each blastomere was introduced into a single conical microwell of 25 wells, each having a diameter and depth of ~287 μm and 168 μm (Dai Nippon Printing, Tokyo, Japan). Blastomeres in wells were cultured covered with a droplet of 2.5 μL of IVC medium/well. The developed blastocysts in pairs on 7 days post-insemination were used for transfer. Single embryos of monozygotic twin embryos were transferred to Japanese Black cattle with a generally small body frame to produce twin calves from a set of recipients. Twin embryos were transferred in pairs to unilateral of uterus of non-lactating Holstein cows. Pregnancy and twin pregnancy were determined at 30 days of gestation by ultrasonography and were reconfirmed at 60 days with detection of fetal loss. Statistical significance was analysed by Fisher’s exact test. There was no significant difference in pregnancy rate or twin pregnancy rate between single embryo transfer (7/14, 50% and 2/7, 28.6%) and twin embryo transfer (9/21, 42.9% and 4/21, 19%). In either transfer method, fetal loss was not observed in diagnosis carried out at 60 days by ultrasonography. To date, 2 pairs of twin calves have been obtained from twin pregnant cows by twin embryo transfer within the normal range of gestation length (286 and 288 days) and birth weight (31-40 kg). These results indicate that blastocysts developed from blastomeres separated from 2-cell embryos by culturing with commercial WOW culture dish had fertility similar to that of intact embryos derived from standard in vitro culture and further demonstrate the possibility of production of normal twin calves.

Twin Pregnancy following in vitro Fertilisation Coinciding with Laryngeal Cancer

ORL ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pytel ◽  
I. Gerlinger ◽  
A. Arany
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Cancer ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
In Vitro Fertilisation

52 ESTABLISHMENT OF A PREGNANCY WITH IDENTICAL TWINS AFTER THE TRANSFER OF A VITRIFIED CLONED BOVINE EMBRYO

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
F. Forell ◽  
C. Feltrin ◽  
A. D. Vieira ◽  
U. M. Costa ◽  
M. Hoelker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Identical Twins ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
National Council ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
First Polar Body

Identical twin pregnancies occur naturally in some species because of spontaneous embryo division during initial stages in development. Bovine embryo splitting usually does not compromise subsequent in vivo development, being a method commonly used in embryo transfer programs to enhance overall pregnancy and parity rates. The goal of this study was to establish pregnancies from vitrified bovine cloned embryos. A spontaneous twin pregnancy was obtained after the transfer of a vitrified cloned hatching blastocyst produced by nuclear transfer procedures. Briefly, selected COCs obtained via slicing from bovine ovaries collected in a local slaughterhouse, and in vitro-matured for 17 h, were denuded by pipetting in HEPES-SOF (HSOF)-BSA and screened for the presence of the first polar body. Selected oocytes were enucleated by micromanipulation in HSOF + cytochalasin B and Hoechst 33 342 under UV fluorescence control. Frozen-thawed cumulus cells obtained by ovum pickup (OPU) from a Holstein cow were used as nucleus donors at passage 2 and high confluence (>90%). A single cell was inserted into the perivitelline space by micromanipulation. Fusion was induced electrically between two 200-μm-wide electrodes, 150 μm apart, using a single 20-V electrical DC pulse for 45 μs. Fusion outcome was observed 30 min after the electrical stimulus, with the immediate activation of the reconstructed embryos in ionomycin for 5 min, followed by incubation in cycloheximide and cytochalasin D for 5 h. Then, activated embryos were cultured in vitro for 7 days in SOF with amino acids (SOFaa) +10% estrous cow serum (ECS), at 39°C, high humidity, and 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2. Day-7 blastocysts were vitrified in hand-pulled glass micropipettes (GMP) using super-cooled LN2 (Vieira et al. 2007 Anim. Reprod. Sci. 99, 377-383), with the subsequent transfer of the GMP content into a straw upon warming, for the direct transfer of 4 embryos to female recipients, 1 per recipient, without the embryo evaluation under a stereomicroscope (Vieira et al. 2008 Reprod. Domest. Anim. 43, 314-318). A pregnancy was diagnosed on Day 35; on Day 260 of pregnancy, the female recipient aborted identical 20-kg twin fetuses showing no macro- or microscopic alterations following the necropsy. Samples of donor cells and tissue samples from the female recipient and cloned twins subjected to microsatellite DNA analysis confirmed that the twins were indeed identical clones and derived from the donor cells. The embryo from which the twin pregnancy derived was a hatching blastocyst, vitrified when about half of the embryo, including half of the inner cell mass, was projected outside the zona pellucida. Most likely, the hatching blastocyst was physically and unintentionally bisected during the process of vitrification, warming, or embryo transfer, producing hemi-embryos that later developed into identical twins. This work was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq).

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