Ice Storage System Controls for the Reduction of Operating Cost and Energy Use

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Henze ◽  
M. Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Excess Energy ◽  
Ice Storage ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy

Ice storage systems have the reputation of saving cost for operating building cooling plants by appropriately recognizing time-of-use incentives in the utility rate structure. However, many systems can consume more electrical energy than a conventional cooling plant without ice storage. This excess energy problem is illustrated in this paper by a simplified cooling plant model employed in a simulation environment that allows the assessment of the control performance of various conventional and optimal strategies. The optimal control strategy of minimizing operating cost only is introduced and subsequently is modified to allow the simultaneous consideration of operating cost and energy consumption. This proposed optimal control strategy could be valuable if ice storage systems are to stand on their own merits in a deregulated utility environment. Due to the lack of demand charges under real-time pricing, even small energy penalties and their associated excess energy cost may jeopardize the feasibility of the ice storage system.

Optimal Control Strategy for Ice-Storage System Based on Hourly Dynamic Load Simulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 2515-2519
Author(s):  
Xue Mei Wang ◽  
Zhen Hai Wang ◽  
Xing Long Wu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Ice Storage ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Energy Plus ◽  
Load Simulation

This project aims to study the optimal control model of the ice-storage system which is theoretically close to the optimal control and also applicable to actual engineering. Using Energy Plus, the energy consumption simulation software, and the simple solution method of optimal control, researchers can analyze and compare the annual operation costs of the ice-storage air-conditioning system of a project in Beijing under different control strategies. Researchers obtained the power rates of the air-conditioning system in the office building under the conditions of chiller-priority and optimal contro1 throughout the cooling season. Through analysis and comparison, they find that after the implementation of optimal control, the annually saved power bills mainly result from non-design conditions, especially in the transitional seasons.

scholarly journals Energy Optimal Control Strategy of PHEV Based on PMP Algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tiezhou Wu ◽  
Yi Ding ◽  
Yushan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage

Under the global voice of “energy saving” and the current boom in the development of energy storage technology at home and abroad, energy optimal control of the whole hybrid electric vehicle power system, as one of the core technologies of electric vehicles, is bound to become a hot target of “clean energy” vehicle development and research. This paper considers the constraints to the performance of energy storage system in Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), from which lithium-ion battery frequently charges/discharges, PHEV largely consumes energy of fuel, and their are difficulty in energy recovery and other issues in a single cycle; the research uses lithium-ion battery combined with super-capacitor (SC), which is hybrid energy storage system (Li-SC HESS), working together with internal combustion engine (ICE) to drive PHEV. Combined with PSO-PI controller and Li-SC HESS internal power limited management approach, the research proposes the PHEV energy optimal control strategy. It is based on revised Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP) algorithm, which establishes the PHEV vehicle simulation model through ADVISOR software and verifies the effectiveness and feasibility. Finally, the results show that the energy optimization control strategy can improve the instantaneity of tracking PHEV minimum fuel consumption track, implement energy saving, and prolong the life of lithium-ion batteries and thereby can improve hybrid energy storage system performance.

Market-oriented Optimal Control Strategy for an Integrated Energy Storage System and Wind Farm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Esmaeili ◽  
Mohammad Amini ◽  
Amir Khorsandi ◽  
Seyed Hamid Fathi ◽  
Seyed Hossein Hosseinian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy

scholarly journals Optimal costless extraction rate changes from a non-renewable resource

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. EVATT ◽  
P. V. JOHNSON ◽  
P. W. DUCK ◽  
S. D. HOWELL
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Analytic Solutions ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Critical Resource

This paper considers the role of costless decisions relating to the extraction of a non-renewable resource in the presence of uncertainty. We begin by deriving a size scale of the extractable resource, above which the solution to the valuation and optimal control strategy can be described by analytic solutions; we produce solutions for a general form of operating cost function. Below this critical resource size level the valuation and optimal control strategy must be solved by numerical means; we present a robust numerical algorithm that can solve such a class of problem. We also allow for the embedding of an irreversible investment decision (abandonment) into the optimisation. Finally, we conduct experimentation for each of these two approaches (analytical and numerical), and show how they are consistent with one another when used appropriately. The extensions of this paper's techniques to renewable resources are explored.

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