An Experimental Review on Microbubble Generation to be Used in Echo-Particle Image Velocimetry Method to Determine the Pipe Flow Velocity

Microbubbles are broadly used as ultrasound contrast agents. In this paper we use a low-cost flow focusing microchannel fabrication method for preparing microbubble contrast agents by using some surface active agents and a viscosity enhancing material to obtain appropriate microbubbles with desired lifetime and stability for any in vitro infusion for velocity measurement. All the five parameters that govern the bubble size extract and some efforts are done to achieve the smallest bubbles by adding suitable surfactant concentrations. By using these microbubbles for the echo-particle image velocimetry method, we experimentally determine the velocity field of steady state and pulsatile pipe flows.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of In vitro and preliminary in vivo validation of echo particle image velocimetry in carotid vascular imaging.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.13184956.14524054 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Elisa Konofagou ◽

Jianwen Luo

Keyword(s):

Particle Image Velocimetry ◽

Particle Image ◽

Vascular Imaging ◽

Image Velocimetry ◽

In Vivo Validation

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Development and Testing of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Large Scale Particle Image Velocimetry

Volume 3: Industrial Applications; Modeling for Oil and Gas, Control and Validation, Estimation, and Control of Automotive Systems; Multi-Agent and Networked Systems; Control System Design; Physical Human-Robot Interaction; Rehabilitation Robotics; Sensing and Actuation for Control; Biomedical Systems; Time Delay Systems and Stability; Unmanned Ground and Surface Robotics; Vehicle Motion Controls; Vibration Analysis and Isolation; Vibration and Control for Energy Harvesting; Wind Energy ◽

10.1115/dscc2014-5838 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Christopher Pagano ◽

Flavia Tauro ◽

Salvatore Grimaldi ◽

Maurizio Porfiri

Keyword(s):

Particle Image Velocimetry ◽

Large Scale ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Particle Image ◽

Low Cost ◽

Surface Flow ◽

Natural Environments ◽

Natural Stream ◽

Image Velocimetry ◽

Scale Particle

Large scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) is a nonintrusive environmental monitoring methodology that allows for continuous characterization of surface flows in natural catchments. Despite its promise, the implementation of LSPIV in natural environments is limited to areas accessible to human operators. In this work, we propose a novel experimental configuration that allows for unsupervised LSPIV over large water bodies. Specifically, we design, develop, and characterize a lightweight, low cost, and stable quadricopter hosting a digital acquisition system. An active gimbal maintains the camera lens orthogonal to the water surface, thus preventing severe image distortions. Field experiments are performed to characterize the vehicle and assess the feasibility of the approach. We demonstrate that the quadricopter can hover above an area of 1×1m2 for 4–5 minutes with a payload of 500g. Further, LSPIV measurements on a natural stream confirm that the methodology can be reliably used for surface flow studies.

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