Determination of Minimum State Preview Time to Prevent Vehicle Rollover

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Stankiewicz ◽  
Alex A. Brown ◽  
Sean N. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Short Range ◽  
Zero Moment Point ◽  
Vehicle Rollover ◽  
Zero Moment ◽  
Highway Crashes

This research focuses on determining the minimum preview time needed to predict and prevent vehicle rollover. Statistics show that although rollover only occurs in 2.2% of total highway crashes, it accounts for 10.7% of total fatalities. There are several dynamic rollover metrics in use that measure a vehicle’s rollover propensity under specified conditions. However, in order to prevent a rollover event from occurring, it is necessary to predict a vehicle’s future rollover propensity. This research uses a novel vehicle rollover metric, called the zero-moment point (ZMP), to predict a vehicle’s rollover propensity. Comparing different amounts of preview, the results show that short-range predictions — as little as 0.75 seconds ahead of the vehicle — are sufficient to prevent nearly all dynamics-induced rollovers in typical shoulders and medians.

Preview Horizon Analysis for Vehicle Rollover Prevention Using the Zero-Moment Point

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Stankiewicz ◽  
Alexander A. Brown ◽  
Sean N. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Zero Moment Point ◽  
Rollover Prevention ◽  
Vehicle Trajectories ◽  
Vehicle Rollover ◽  
Zero Moment

This research estimates the minimum preview time needed to prevent untripped wheel lift events by analyzing simple maneuvers that are idealizations of a human driver's response in collision avoidance situations. To predict a vehicle's future rollover propensity, the zero-moment point (ZMP) metric is applied to projected vehicle trajectories. Comparing different amounts of preview, the results show that short-range predictions, ranging from 0.1 s to 0.7 s, are sufficient to prevent nearly all dynamics-induced rollovers in typical highway curves. These results are useful to determine the minimum preview horizons, with respect to rollover, that may be necessary for more advanced vehicle control methods, such as model predictive control (MPC).

Vehicle Rollover Prevention Using the Zero-Moment Point in an LQR Output Regulator

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Stankiewicz ◽  
Nicolas Ochoa Lleras ◽  
Robert Leary ◽  
Sean Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Weighting Scheme ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Zero Moment Point ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Rollover Prevention ◽  
Vehicle Rollover ◽  
Zero Moment ◽  
Near Future

This research investigates vehicle control techniques for rollover prevention in a collision avoidance scenario. The zero-moment point (ZMP) is used to evaluate the vehicle’s current and near-future rollover propensity with the purpose of predicting and correcting impending wheel lift. Specifically, a linear-quadratic (LQ) output regulator is utilized to safely navigate the vehicle through a collision avoidance maneuver, while employing a weighting scheme that explicitly accounts for rollover prevention through the ZMP. Results show that ZMP regulation is able to reduce the peak rollover threat to the vehicle. Additionally, it is shown that regulation of ZMP in the near future (previewed ZMP) does not necessarily result in a safe maneuver at the present time.

Zero-moment point determination of worst-case manoeuvres leading to vehicle wheel lift

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 191-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lapapong ◽  
A. A. Brown ◽  
K. S. Swanson ◽  
S. N. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Worst Case ◽  
Zero Moment Point ◽  
Point Determination ◽  
Zero Moment

A NEUTRON DIFFRACTION DETERMINATION OF SHORT RANGE ORDER IN A Ni63.7Zr36.3 GLASS

1985 ◽  
Vol 46 (C8) ◽  
pp. C8-87-C8-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bellissent ◽  
J. Bigot ◽  
Y. Calvayrac ◽  
S. Lefebvre ◽  
A. Quivy
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Short Range Order ◽  
Range Order ◽  
Diffraction Determination

scholarly journals Determination of Selected Crash Parameters in Head-on Vehicle Collision with Rollover

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Tomáš Coufal ◽  
Marek Semela
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Reconstruction Software ◽  
Vehicle Rollover ◽  
Head And Neck Injury ◽  
Small Overlap ◽  
Crush Zone

The paper presents complete results of the head-on small overlap crash test of vehicle with driver moving at a speed of approximately 12 m/s against stationary vehicle with post-crash rollover. When a crash does not involve the main crush-zone structures, the occupant compartment is not well protected. The emphasis in the paper was put on determination and presentation of crash parameters for the application in traffic accident analyses and for simulation with the help of software for accident reconstruction. The experimentally measured data from the crash test were analysed and important crash parameters which are necessary for accident reconstruction were obtained. The crash test was specific because of rollover of the impacting vehicle resulting from small overlap. The results have shown that small overlap accident is extremely dangerous for the crew with the possibility of vehicle rollover and occupant head and neck injury. Also in this case, at relative low speed, the driver suffered light neck and head injury in the following days and the longitudinal damage was relatively large. The input parameters for accident reconstruction software as the result of performed crash test were gained.

scholarly journals Dating mortar by optically stimulated luminescence: A feasibility study

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Goedicke
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Radioactive Equilibrium ◽  
Lime Mortar ◽  
Modulation Techniques ◽  
Single Grain ◽  
Optical Bleaching ◽  
Number Of Publications

AbstractQuartz is the datable component in mortar. Although its luminescence properties are very well studied, the problem of mortar dating arises from a low level of optical bleaching. In order to reduce the time consuming efforts for dating lime mortar in monuments by optically stimulated luminescence, we investigated the most suitable methods of dose and dose rate determination, and we explored tests which are suitable to predict the datability of a given material. Reverting to the large number of publications on sedimentary partially bleached quartz we found linear modulation techniques especially useful, equally we also recommend the determination of the level of optical depletion before starting analyses. Single grain analysis is regarded as an ultimate but infallible tool to date very poorly bleached quartz from mortar. Dose rate measurements need to take into account the radioactive equilibrium of the uranium decay and the short range inhomogeneity of the environmental gamma radiation field: gamma spectrometry and on-site TLD measurements are best suited.

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