scholarly journals Fire Safety in Nuclear Power Plants: A Risk-Informed and Performance-Based Approach

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Azarm ◽  
Richard J. Travis
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Fire Risk Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Near Term ◽  
And Performance

Abstract The consideration of risk in regulatory decision-making has long been a part of NRC’s policy and practice. Initially, these considerations were qualitative and were based on risk insights. The early regulations relied on good practices, past insights, and accepted standards. As a result, most NRC regulations were prescriptive and were applied uniformly to all areas within the regulatory scope. Risk technology is changing regulations by prioritizing the areas within regulatory scope based on risk, thereby focusing on the risk-important areas. Performance technology, on the other hand, is changing the regulations by allowing requirements to be adjusted based on the specific performance expected and manifested, rather than a prior prescriptive requirement. Consistent with the objectives of risk-informed and performance-based regulatory requirements, BNL evaluated the feasibility of applying risk- and performance-technologies to modifying NRC’s current regulations on fire protection for nuclear power plants.(1) This feasibility study entailed several case studies (trial applications). This paper describes the results of two of them. Besides the case studies, the paper discusses an overall evaluation of methodologies for fire-risk analysis to support the risk-informed regulation. It identifies some current shortcomings and proposes some near-term solutions.

Fire Risk Analysis for Nuclear Power Plants: Methodological Developments and Applications

Risk Analysis ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardyros Kazarians ◽  
Nathan O. Siu ◽  
George Apostolakis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Fire Risk Analysis

scholarly journals Fire Risk Analysis for Nuclear Power Plants

2016 ◽  
pp. 3326-3369
Author(s):  
Nathan O. Siu ◽  
Nicholas Melly ◽  
Steven P. Nowlen ◽  
Mardy Kazarians
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Fire Risk Analysis

scholarly journals State-of-the-Art Water Treatment in Czech Power Sector: Industry-Proven Case Studies Showing Economic and Technical Benefits of Membrane and Other Novel Technologies for Each Particular Water Cycle

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Jaromír Marek
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Turbine Condensate ◽  
Common Cycles

The article first summarizes case studies on the three basic types of treated water used in power plants and heating stations. Its main focus is Czechia as the representative of Eastern European countries. Water as the working medium in the power industry presents the three most common cycles—the first is make-up water for boilers, the second is cooling water and the third is represented by a specific type of water (e.g., liquid waste mixtures, primary and secondary circuits in nuclear power plants, turbine condensate, etc.). The water treatment technologies can be summarized into four main groups—(1) filtration (coagulation) and dosing chemicals, (2) ion exchange technology, (3) membrane processes and (4) a combination of the last two. The article shows the ideal industry-proven technology for each water cycle. Case studies revealed the economic, technical and environmental advantages/disadvantages of each technology. The percentage of technologies operated in energetics in Eastern Europe is briefly described. Although the work is conceived as an overview of water treatment in real operation, its novelty lies in a technological model of the treatment of turbine condensate, recycling of the cooling tower blowdown plus other liquid waste mixtures, and the rejection of colloidal substances from the secondary circuit in nuclear power plants. This is followed by an evaluation of the potential novel technologies and novel materials.

Work Structure in Nuclear Power Plants

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 571-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie B. Bauman ◽  
Richard F. Pain ◽  
Harold P. Van Cott ◽  
Margery K. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Incident ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Plant Personnel ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Work Structure

This paper describes the assessment of the work structure of ten nuclear power plants. Work structure factors are those factors that relate to the way in which work at all levels in a plant is organized, staffed, managed, rewarded, and perceived by plant personnel. Questionnaires given to a cross-section of personnel at the plants were the primary source of data collection. Structured “critical incident” interviews were conducted to verify the questionnaire results. The study revealed that a variety of work structure factor problem areas do exist in nuclear power plants. The paper highlights a prioritized set of candidate research themes to be considered in EPRI's Work Structure and Performance Research Program.

scholarly journals Staffing decision processes and issues: Case studies of seven US Nuclear Power Plants

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Melber ◽  
A. Roussel ◽  
K. Baker ◽  
N. Durbin ◽  
P. Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Decision Processes

scholarly journals Fire Risk Assessment of Transient Ignition Sources in Domestic Nuclear Power Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Jung-Hyun Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Ignition Source ◽  
Fire Risk Assessment

The fire risk of a nuclear power plant is evaluated using fixed and transient ignition sources. In terms of the overall fire risk, the proportion of transient ignition sources is very small. However, because the uncertainty due to the difference between the assumptions and the modeling method is relatively large, it is necessary to establish a methodology to address this. In this study, the new transient ignition source evaluation method presented in NUREG/CR-6850, the ignition source frequency revised in NUREG-2169, and the input parameters for transient fire modeling presented in NUREG-2233 were used to evaluate the fire risk assessment for transient ignition sources. In this new evaluation methodology, the fire ignition frequency is quantitatively evaluated based on the characteristics of the area, and an area-based scenario evaluation method considering the location of the transient ignition source is proposed for the evaluation within the area. As a result of applying the new methodology to the switchgear room of a reference nuclear power plant, an approximately 70% risk reduction was confirmed compared to the existing EPRI TR-105928 method. In the future, if fire risk assessment for transient ignition sources in nuclear power plants is applied using the results of this study, it is expected that areas whose control is important in the event of a fire can be determined, which should help reduce highly rated fire risks.

Dismantling Policy and Practice

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Van Rentergem
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Waste Storage

Abstract A distinction has to be made between: • The installations still in profitable operation, such as the nuclear power plants, plants of BELGONUCLEAIRE, FBFC, “CILVA”, waste storage buildings. Hereafter, I will only speak of the most important ones, namely the nuclear power plants. • The older installations, which have been closed or which are to be closed soon and which have never been and will never be in a profitable operation. These installations are the old Eurochemic-plant, the old waste department of the SCK•CEN, the reactors and laboratories of the SCK•CEN (BR3, BR2, …, LHMA, …), the Institute of Radio-elements in Fleurus.

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