An Electromagnetic Targeting System With Semi-Circular Configuration for Navigating Endo-Bronchoscope

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Wei Hsu ◽  
Ching-Kai Lin ◽  
Chin-Chung Chen ◽  
Yun-Chien Cheng ◽  
Chen-Wei Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Mechanical Support ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Circular Configuration ◽  
Flux Concentrator

Abstract In this paper, we present an electromagnetic targeting system with semi-circular configuration for navigating endo-bronchoscope. This system consists of a magnetic-flux emitting electromagnets-arrays fixed on a semi-circular mechanical-support, magnetic-flux receiving electromagnets, and a magnetic-flux concentrator (i.e., silicon-steel collar) which fixed on distal end of a guide sheath of the endo-bronchoscope. In initial state, when the emitting electromagnets produce magnetic flux in sequence, the receiving electromagnets receive the magnetic flux and consequently produce voltage outputs by the electromagnetic induction. When the silicon-steel collar with the guide sheath travels through the system, the magnetic flux is concentrated by the collar. Thus, the voltage outputs of the receiving electromagnets are changed. By analyzing the change of voltage outputs, the location of the silicon-steel collar with the guide sheath is obtained/targeted. This means that the location of the endo-bronchoscope is also targeted.

scholarly journals Passive Magnetic-Flux-Concentrator Based Electromagnetic Targeting System for Endobronchoscopy

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 5105
Author(s):  
Chen ◽  
Lin ◽  
Chang ◽  
Cheng ◽  
Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Electromagnetic Induction ◽  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Pattern Change ◽  
Flux Concentrator

In this paper, we demonstrate an innovative electromagnetic targeting system utilizing a passive magnetic-flux-concentrator for tracking endobronchoscope used in the diagnosis process of lung cancer tumors/lesions. The system consists of a magnetic-flux emitting coil, a magnetic-flux receiving electromagnets-array, and high permeability silicon-steel sheets rolled as a collar (as the passive magnetic-flux-concentrator) fixed in a guide sheath of an endobronchoscope. The emitting coil is used to produce AC magnetic-flux, which is consequently received by the receiving electromagnets-array. Due to the electromagnetic-induction, a voltage is induced in the receiving electromagnets-array. When the endobronchoscope’s guide sheath (with the silicon-steel collar) travels between the emitting coil and the receiving electromagnets-arrays, the magnetic flux is concentrated by the silicon-steel collar and thereby the induced voltage is changed. Through analyzing the voltage–pattern change, the location of the silicon–steel collar with the guide sheath is targeted. For testing, a bronchial-tree model for training medical doctors and operators is used to test our system. According to experimental results, the system is successfully verified to be able to target the endobronchoscope in the bronchial-tree model. The targeting errors on the x-, y- and z-axes are 9 mm, 10 mm, and 5 mm, respectively.

Significant power enhancement of magneto-mechano-electric generators by magnetic flux concentration

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4238-4248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunseok Song ◽  
Deepak Rajaram Patil ◽  
Woon-Ha Yoon ◽  
Kwang-Ho Kim ◽  
Cheol Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Magnetic Noise ◽  
Significant Power ◽  
Power Enhancement ◽  
Flux Concentration ◽  
Electric Generators ◽  
Flux Concentrator

A magneto-mechano-electric (MME) generator comprising a magnetoelectric (ME) composite and magnetic flux concentrator (MFC) can effectively harvest the tiny magnetic noise to power the autonomous internet of things (IoT) sensor networks.

scholarly journals Magnetohydrodynamic evolution of magnetic skeletons

2007 ◽  
Vol 463 (2080) ◽  
pp. 1097-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L Haynes ◽  
Clare E Parnell ◽  
Klaus Galsgaard ◽  
Eric R Priest
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Fundamental Building Block ◽  
New Type ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The heating of the solar corona is probably due to reconnection of the highly complex magnetic field that threads throughout its volume. We have run a numerical experiment of an elementary interaction between the magnetic field of two photospheric sources in an overlying field that represents a fundamental building block of the coronal heating process. The key to explaining where, how and how much energy is released during such an interaction is to calculate the resulting evolution of the magnetic skeleton. A skeleton is essentially the web of magnetic flux surfaces (called separatrix surfaces) that separate the coronal volume into topologically distinct parts. For the first time, the skeleton of the magnetic field in a three-dimensional numerical magnetohydrodynamic experiment is calculated and carefully analysed, as are the ways in which it bifurcates into different topologies. A change in topology normally changes the number of magnetic reconnection sites. In our experiment, the magnetic field evolves through a total of six distinct topologies. Initially, no magnetic flux joins the two sources. Then, a new type of bifurcation, called a global double-separator bifurcation , takes place. This bifurcation is probably one of the main ways in which new separators are created in the corona (separators are field lines at which three-dimensional reconnection takes place). This is the first of five bifurcations in which the skeleton becomes progressively more complex before simplifying. Surprisingly, for such a simple initial state, at the peak of complexity there are five separators and eight flux domains present.

Magnetic Flux Concentrator Using Gd-Ba-Cu-O Bulk Superconductors

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2174-2177 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kiyoshi ◽  
S. Choi ◽  
S. Matsumoto ◽  
T. Asano ◽  
D. Uglietti
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Bulk Superconductors ◽  
Flux Concentrator
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