Characterization of In Vivo Lumbar Range of Motion During Flexion in Healthy Subjects

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy A. Claeson ◽  
David J. Nuckley ◽  
Victor H. Barocas
Keyword(s):  
Facet Joint ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Posterior Spine ◽  
Lumbar Range Of Motion ◽  
Lumbar Facet ◽  
Flexion And Extension ◽  
Adjacent Vertebra ◽  
Spinal Flexion

The lumbar facet joint (FJ) is a unique structure located on the posterior spine. The joint is composed of two articular facets from adjacent vertebrae, which are connected by a flexible and strong facet capsular ligament (FCL) (Figure 1). Two FJs (one on each side of the spinous process) are located at every spine level and along with the IVD, create a motion segment. During spinal flexion and extension, the FCL undergoes a complex motion, with extension and shear dominating the deformation (Figure 2). The collagenous FCL guides and restricts the relative motion of adjacent vertebra in flexion.

A Novel In Vivo Measurement of Three-Dimensional Lumbar Facet Joint Orientation and Area

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Otsuka ◽  
Howard S. An ◽  
Jamie R. Williams ◽  
Ruth S. Ochia ◽  
Kazuyoshi Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facet Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Joint Surface ◽  
Lumbar Facet Joint ◽  
Joint Orientation ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Load Transmission ◽  
Facet Orientation ◽  
Lumbar Facet

Changes in load transmission through facet and facet orientation have been considered as an important factor in intervertebral disc degeneration and osteoarthritic changes of the facet joint. (1)(2)(3) Facet joint surface area and orientation of the facets play key roles in load transmission. Their information is important for designing implants of the spine. They have been 2-dimentionally measured using CT and MRI. (4)(5) The purpose of the current study was to establish a three-dimensional (3D) technique for measuring lumbar facet joint area and orientation in vivo.

Lumbar Facet Joint Kinematics and Load Effects During Dynamic Lifting

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1130-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman K. Chowdhury ◽  
Ryan M. Byrne ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Xudong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Facet Joint ◽  
Joint Kinematics ◽  
Facet Joints ◽  
Lateral Bending ◽  
Lumbar Facet Joint ◽  
Load Effect ◽  
Load Effects ◽  
Lumbar Facet ◽  
Lumbar Facet Joints

Objective: To examine the lumbar facet joint kinematics in vivo during dynamic lifting and the effects of the load lifted. Background: Although extensive efforts have been dedicated to investigating the risk factors of low back pain (LBP) associated with load handling in the workplace, the biomechanics of lumbar facet joints during such activities is not well understood. Method: Fourteen healthy participants performed a load-lifting task while a dynamic stereo-radiography system captured their lumbar motion continuously. Data from 11 participants were included for subsequent analysis. A randomized block design was employed to study the load effect (4.5 kg, 9.0 kg, and 13.5 kg) on bilateral facet joint motions at approximately 60°, 40°, 20°, and 0° trunk-flexion postures. The facet orientations were also examined. Results: Significant load effects were found for the flexion and lateral bending and superior-inferior translation of the facet joints. The L5-S1 displayed greater lateral bending and twisting, which was due to its more posterolateral orientation than the L2-L3, L3-L4, and L4-L5 facet joints. The left-right asymmetry in facet orientation was observed, most prominently at L3-L4 and L5-S1 facet joints. Conclusion: The lumbar facet joint kinematics are affected by the magnitude of the lifted load and are dependent on the orientations of articulating adjacent facets. Application: This study provided new insights into the role of lumbar facet joints in vivo during lifting. Alterations in the facet joint kinematics due to vigorous functional demand can be one of the primary but overlooked mechanical factors in the causation of LBP.

scholarly journals In Vivo Measurement of Lumbar Facet Joint Area in Asymptomatic and Chronic Low Back Pain Subjects

Spine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 924-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Otsuka ◽  
Howard S. An ◽  
Ruth S. Ochia ◽  
Gunnar B. J. Andersson ◽  
Alejandro A. Espinoza Orías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lumbar Facet Joint ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Joint Area ◽  
Lumbar Facet

scholarly journals IN VIVO MEASUREMENT OF LUMBAR FACET JOINT AREA IN ASYMPTOMATIC AND CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN SUBJECTS

Spine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol &NA; ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Otsuka ◽  
Howard S. Ochia ◽  
Ruth S ◽  
Espinoza Orías ◽  
Alejandro A. Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lumbar Facet Joint ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
Joint Area ◽  
Lumbar Facet

Three-Dimensional Characterization of Lumbar Lordosis in Torsion

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Alland ◽  
A. A. Espinoza Orías ◽  
H. S. An ◽  
G. B. J. Andersson ◽  
N. Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Facet Joint ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Neutral Position ◽  
Joint Orientation ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Segmental Lordosis

The curvature of the lumbar spine has been extensively studied, mostly in relation to scoliosis.1 Previous three-dimensional models of scoliosis allowed for the characterization of specific abnormalities in the sagittal, coronal and axial planes. Recent research has shown that these same spinal structure abnormalities (including facet joint orientation) may also be associated with spondylolisthesis,2 aging, and the onset of lower back pain, among other potential etiologies.3 Newer imaging technologies allow for more precise determination of the spinal curvature4 with all of these studies typically carried out in the neutral position (standing or supine). To the best of the author’s knowledge, there is no study of the behavior of the spinal curvature with axial torsion in vivo. We hypothesized that the spinal curvature when experiencing torsion will deviate significantly from the neutral position due to the complex coupled motions in the spine. The objective of this study is to characterize in vivo the change in lumbar segmental lordosis of the asymptomatic spine during torsion.

scholarly journals In Vivo Topographic Analysis of Lumbar Facet Joint Space Width Distribution in Healthy and Symptomatic Subjects

Spine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1058-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Simon ◽  
Alejandro A. Espinoza Orías ◽  
Gunnar B. J. Andersson ◽  
Howard S. An ◽  
Nozomu Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Facet Joint ◽  
Joint Space Width ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Lumbar Facet Joint ◽  
Topographic Analysis ◽  
Width Distribution ◽  
Space Width ◽  
Lumbar Facet

scholarly journals In vivo feasibility of real-time MR–US fusion imaging lumbar facet joint injections

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Sartoris ◽  
Davide Orlandi ◽  
Angelo Corazza ◽  
Luca Maria Sconfienza ◽  
Alice Arcidiacono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Fusion Imaging ◽  
Lumbar Facet Joint ◽  
Lumbar Facet ◽  
Joint Injections

OCT Detects Collagen Fiber Alignment in Human Cadaveric Lumbar Facet Capsular Ligament During Mechanical Loading

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy A. Claeson ◽  
Yi-Jou Yeh ◽  
Taner Akkin ◽  
Beth A. Winkelstein ◽  
David J. Nuckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Facet Joint ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Posterior Portion ◽  
Fiber Alignment ◽  
Capsular Ligament ◽  
Articular Process ◽  
Lumbar Facet ◽  
Collagen Fiber Alignment

The lumbar facet capsular ligament (FCL) is a highly collagenous structure that functions to constrain lumbar spinal motion. Two FCLs are found at each level of the spine, flanking the spinous process. The ligament spans from the inferior articular process (IAP) of the superior vertebra to the superior articular process (SAP) of the inferior vertebra forming the posterior portion of the facet capsule (Figure 1). Along with the anteriorly located ligamentum flavum, the FCL contains the synovial fluid that lubricates the facet joint. The facet capsule is highly innervated [1] and may be involved in low back pain or proprioception. Thus, changes in collagen fiber alignment from mechanical loading may activate mechanoreceptors leading to proprioception or nociceptors leading to pain.

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