The single sonic muscle twitch model for the sound-production mechanism in the weakfish,Cynoscion regalis

2000 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 2430-2437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Production Mechanism ◽  
Muscle Twitch ◽  
Cynoscion Regalis ◽  
Sonic Muscle

THE SINGLE SONIC MUSCLE TWITCH MODEL FOR SCIAENID SOUND PRODUCTION

Bioacoustics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 225-227
Author(s):  
MARK W. SPRAGUE
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Muscle Twitch ◽  
Sonic Muscle

Weakfish sonic muscle: influence of size, temperature and season

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (15) ◽  
pp. 2183-2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Connaughton ◽  
M. L. Fine ◽  
M. H. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Pulse Duration ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Forced Response ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Honest Signal ◽  
Muscle Twitch ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Sonic Muscle

SUMMARYThe influence of temperature, size and season on the sounds produced by the sonic muscles of the weakfish Cynoscion regalis are categorized and used to formulate a hypothesis about the mechanism of sound generation by the sonic muscle and swimbladder. Sounds produced by male weakfish occur at the time and location of spawning and have been observed in courtship in captivity. Each call includes a series of 6-10 sound pulses, and each pulse expresses a damped, 2-3 cycle acoustic waveform generated by single simultaneous twitches of the bilateral sonic muscles. The sonic muscles triple in mass during the spawning season, and this hypertrophy is initiated by rising testosterone levels that trigger increases in myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic cross-sectional area of sonic muscle fibers. In response to increasing temperature, sound pressure level (SPL), dominant frequency and repetition rate increase, and pulse duration decreases. Likewise, SPL and pulse duration increase and dominant frequency decreases with fish size. Changes in acoustic parameters with fish size suggest the possibility that drumming sounds act as an `honest' signal of male fitness during courtship. These parameters also correlate with seasonally increasing sonic muscle mass. We hypothesize that sonic muscle twitch duration rather than the resonant frequency of the swimbladder determines dominant frequency. The brief (3.5 ms), rapidly decaying acoustic pulses reflect a low-Q, broadly tuned resonator, suggesting that dominant frequency is determined by the forced response of the swimbladder to sonic muscle contractions. The changing dominant frequency with temperature in fish of the same size further suggests that frequency is not determined by the natural frequency of the bladder because temperature is unlikely to affect resonance. Finally, dominant frequency correlates with pulse duration (reflecting muscle twitch duration),and the inverse of the period of the second cycle of acoustic energy approximates the recorded frequency. This paper demonstrates for the first time that the dominant frequency of a fish sound produced by a single muscle twitch is apparently determined by the velocity of the muscle twitch rather than the natural frequency of the swimbladder.

Body Temperature and Singing in the Bladder Cicada, Cystosoma Saundersii

1979 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. JOSEPHSON ◽  
D. YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Cooling Curve ◽  
Muscle Twitch ◽  
Temperature Excess ◽  
Air Mixing ◽  
Artificial Heat ◽  
Sound Pulses

1. Body temperatures during singing were measured in the cicada, Cystosoma saundersii Westwood, both in the field and in tethered animals indoors. 2. The temperature of the sound-producing tymbal muscle rises rapidly during singing to reach a plateau approximately 12°C above ambient. This produces a temperature gradient in the abdominal air sac which surrounds the muscle. When singing stops, the tymbal muscle cools exponentially. 3. Heat production during singing, estimated from the cooling curve, is 4.82 cal min−1 g muscle−1. Generation of the same temperature excess in the air sac by an artificial heat source yields an estimated heat production of 54.4 cal min−1 g muscle−1. This discrepancy may be caused by air mixing in the air sac during singing. 4. As temperature rises, tymbal muscle twitch contractions become faster and stronger. This and heat transfer to the thorax cause changes in the song pattern: a marked decrease in the interval between the two sound pulses produced by a single tymbal buckling and a lesser decrease in the interval between bucklings. The fundamental sound period remains unaltered. These effects are consistent with earlier data on sound production. Note: Present address: Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92717, U.S.A.

scholarly journals Sound production mechanism in Gobius paganellus (Gobiidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 216 (17) ◽  
pp. 3189-3199 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Parmentier ◽  
L. Kever ◽  
K. Boyle ◽  
Y.-E. Corbisier ◽  
L. Sawelew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Production Mechanism

scholarly journals Acoustic communication during reproduction in the basal gobioid Amur sleeper and the putative sound production mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 309 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
S. Horvatić ◽  
S. Malavasi ◽  
E. Parmentier ◽  
Z. Marčić ◽  
I. Buj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Amur Sleeper ◽  
Production Mechanism

scholarly journals Correction: Unusual sound production mechanism in the triggerfishRhinecanthus aculeatus(Balistidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 220 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Parmentier ◽  
Xavier Raick ◽  
David Lecchini ◽  
Kelly Boyle ◽  
Sam Van Wassenbergh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Production Mechanism

Seasonal and daily cycles in sound production associated with spawning in the weakfish,Cynoscion regalis

1995 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin A. Connaughton ◽  
Malcolm H. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Cynoscion Regalis ◽  
Daily Cycles

scholarly journals Constraints on the sound production mechanism of blue whales

1995 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 3352-3352
Author(s):  
David S. Clark ◽  
Mark A. McDonald ◽  
John A. Hildebrand ◽  
Spahr C. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Sound Production ◽  
Production Mechanism ◽  
Blue Whales
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