The Visual Regulation of Goal-Directed Reaching Movements in Adults with Williams Syndrome, Down Syndrome, and Other Developmental Delays

ABSTRACTThis is a naturalistic study of the development of language in Hebrew-speaking children with Williams syndrome (WS) and children with Down syndrome (DS), whose MLU extended from 1·0 to 4·4. Developmental curves over the entire span of data collection revealed minor differences between children with WS, children with DS, and typically developing (TD) controls of similar MLU. Development within one calendar year showed remarkable synchrony among the variables. However, age of language onset and pace of acquisition departed significantly from normal timing. It is argued that in view of the centrality of genetic timing and the network properties of cognition, normal schedules are crucial determinants of intact development. Consequently, with respect to neurodevelopmental syndromes, the so-called ‘language delay’ is indicative of deviance that is likely to impact development in critical ways.

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The developmental trajectory of disruptive behavior in Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome and Williams syndrome

American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C Seminars in Medical Genetics ◽

10.1002/ajmg.c.31442 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 169 (2) ◽

pp. 182-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Lauren J. Rice ◽

Kylie M. Gray ◽

Patricia Howlin ◽

John Taffe ◽

Bruce J. Tonge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Fragile X Syndrome ◽

Disruptive Behavior ◽

Williams Syndrome ◽

Fragile X ◽

Developmental Trajectory ◽

Prader Willi Syndrome

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Learning to read in Williams syndrome and Down syndrome: syndrome-specific precursors and developmental trajectories

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry ◽

10.1111/jcpp.12070 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 54 (7) ◽

pp. 754-762 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Ann Steele ◽

Gaia Scerif ◽

Kim Cornish ◽

Annette Karmiloff-Smith

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Williams Syndrome ◽

Developmental Trajectories ◽

Learning To Read

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Aging and Down Syndrome: Implications for Physical Therapy

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20060334 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 87 (10) ◽

pp. 1399-1406 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Robert C Barnhart ◽

Barbara Connolly

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Developmental Delays ◽

Activity Limitations ◽

Healthy Life ◽

Body Function ◽

Structure Changes ◽

Participation Restrictions ◽

The Common

The number of people over the age of 60 years with lifelong developmental delays is predicted to double by 2030. Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent chromosomal cause of developmental delays. As the life expectancy of people with DS increases, changes in body function and structure secondary to aging have the potential to lead to activity limitations and participation restrictions for this population. The purpose of this update is to: (1) provide an overview of the common body function and structure changes that occur in adults with DS as they age (thyroid dysfunction, cardiovascular disorders, obesity, musculoskeletal disorders, Alzheimer disease, depression) and (2) apply current research on exercise to the prevention of activity limitations and participation restrictions. As individuals with DS age, a shift in emphasis from disability prevention to the prevention of conditions that lead to activity and participation limitations must occur. Exercise programs appear to have potential to positively affect the overall health of adults with DS, thereby increasing the quality of life and years of healthy life for these individuals.

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