The Love and Science of Reading: A Promising Instructional Approach for Adolescent Multilingual Learners

Purpose: Adolescent multilingual learners are at high risk for reading difficulties as evidenced by persistent achievement gaps. This article calls for a paradigm shift and aims to elucidate what constitutes promising second-language literacy instruction for multilingual adolescents, comprising effective literacy practices grounded in research, combined with an emphasis on individual learners and their sociocultural development. Cast in ecological systems and functionalist perspectives, this article provides a model for language and literacy instruction that is grounded in basic tenets of reading science within a sociocultural context. We outline strategies that focus on language as a basis for reading development followed by examples of authentic learning experiences designed to motivate students and nurture their love of reading. Conclusions: A solution to existing achievement gaps may be a promising approach that emphasizes both the science and love of reading, which entails targeted instruction rooted in the research evidence integrated into engaging and meaningful learning experiences, central to which is the acknowledgement of multilingual learners as individuals. The authors call for an intentional focus on accelerating the development of language through frequent use of and a genuine love for both the science of reading and the science of teaching reading.

Thinking Language Awareness at a Science Centre

Situated in the highly multilingual context of Vancouver, this article discusses aspects of a collaborative research project, intertwining the development of language awareness and scientific, technological, and multilingual literacies in a science centre environment. Participants were multilingual, kindergarten-aged children who attended an interactive, activity-based science educational program in a local science centre and participated in writing activities in a nearby community centre. The article will discuss the science centre as a transformative learning environment to harness cultural and linguistic diversity, a vital resource to simultaneously develop language awareness, and science knowledge. Multimodal data sources include visual documentation of the linguistic landscape at the science centre, as well as photographs, video recordings and field notes of children working individually or in small groups, and a selection of the products children created.

Stories Make Readers

Using literature in multilingual and second language classes promotes literacy skills and helps children to adapt to second language instruction. This chapter presents the theoretical framework and practical implementations for enhancing the use of literature in multilingual environments employing Stories Make Readers (StoRe)–project as an example. StoRe concept helps to promote the use of fictional literature and to increase the reading materials and reading time at school and at home. An important aim is to offer, in multilingual groups, reading materials that correspond to the reading abilities and interest of the readers, and to connect different collaborative, child-centered, and multidisciplinary activities in reading. The multilingual line of the StoRe project, called Creating Innovative Approaches to Language Education (IKI), identifies and promotes innovative models for the use and development of language in education and creates research-based, pedagogical maps that help teachers develop and improve their pedagogical practices.

Przedstawienia grzybów psychoaktywnych w ewidencji archeologicznej i ich interpretacje

There has been a debate regarding substances that cause altered states of consciousness (especially those of a psychedelic nature) that have been intrinsically linked to man since the dawn of time. The question of the beginning of the crystallization of human consciousness intrigues today’s researchers. American writer and ethnobotanist Terence McKenna tangled with such ideas, indeed one of his thoughts contributes to many controversial opinions and theories presented in this work. The stoned ape theory considers psilocybin, the active substance of entheogenic mushrooms, as an element that played an important role in the process of human evolution and contributed to the acceleration of human consciousness. The author of a title theory believes that psychoactive mushrooms, which might have been components of our ancestors’ diet, could also contributed to the development of language and religion. In this paper, an attempt will be made to subject the title theory to criticism with particular discussion of archaeological evidence.

Analysis of the Influence for the Use of Language in Indonesia Digital Novels on the Reading Interest of East Java Province Youth in Era 5.0

Having a high reading interest is vital for the progress of a country. Everyone has a reading interest, but still needs encouragement from their individual self and the outside world. Reading interest in Indonesia is very low compared to other countries. This occurrence was influenced by the rapid development of technology, especially among young Indonesian teenagers who generally prefer playing on their gadgets than reading books. In increasing reading interest, the use of language has become a pioneer in growing reading interest among young people, especially in digital novels. Along with the development of language in a novel, philosophy is still contained in an element of language in the novel as well as other related elements. In the end, it was the elements in the novel that played a role in increasing the reading interest of teenagers. This study used qualitative methods and conducted a survey as well. Qualitative data obtained by literature study with reliable sources and reduction to obtain important information. In addition, surveys serve to collect information from large amounts of data or small samples. The collection of quantitative data is in the form of a questionnaire distributed in accordance with the provisions of the questionnaire, namely, adolescents aged 17-24 years domiciled in East Java. This study aims to analyze the effect of using language in Indonesian digital novels on the reading interest of teenagers in East Java province. From this research, it can be concluded that the linguistic element plays an important role in increasing reading interest. This can be illustrated by the respondents' interest in the interesting storyline and the relationship between the meaning of the novel and the feelings they experience. In addition, an interesting storyline is composed of language and the continuity of the story so as to form a meaning that is easily understood by the reader.

THE IMPORTANCE OF E-LEARNING FOR MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES STUDENTS

The pandemic situation in Slovakia has shown that e-learning teaching within educational institutions has not received sufficient attention so far. The purpose of the paper is to stress the importance of e-learning application in foreign language teaching as well as show the possibilities of creating new educational portals for university students using professional foreign language texts. The KEGA project “Innovative Methods and Forms of Education for Needs and Development of Language and Communication Skills within Technical Professional Foreign Language Study Material” is still ongoing at the Department of Social Sciences and Humanities. The aim is to emphasize the importance of foreign language training for future engineers, and at the same time to look for modern and innovative mixed methods of education, which includes the use of e-learning. The paper compares the study results of more than 200 students in different study programmes at the Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies in Prešov Technical University of Košice achieved during the academic year 2020/2021. The research findings prove that the experimental group of students from different study programmes achieved the best study results in those manufacturing technologies e-tests which are closely connected with their study programme. The results confirm that English teaching focused on tailor-made professional texts and topics within the engineering levels of studies was effective. Teachers also identified the strengths and weaknesses of students within tasks to practice language competencies. By applying e-tests students were able to improve their language skills, which can be practised in selected foreign companies or in their future careers as engineers, technicians, managers or computer programmers.

Potential Effect of Informal Learning of English Through Watching a Medical Television Series on the Development of Maritime Medical English Competence

As a result of the widespread use of online technologies and vast opportunities for the use of English in everyday online life, the field of online informal learning of languages, in particular English, has attracted a new wave of research attention. Nevertheless, the number of corpus studies in this field remains low. More specifically, to date no research study has focused on the suitability of the language input to which online users are exposed while performing online activities with regard to the development of language skills in English as a language for specific purposes. In order to bridge this research gap, the objective of this paper is to apply the corpus approach to examine whether watching a medical television series may have an effect on the development of medical Maritime English for future deck officers. The results indicate that in terms of lexical density, lexical diversity, terminology, and word clusters, watching a medical television series may have a limited effect on the development of medical Maritime English for future deck officers. However, future research should examine whether watching television series may have an effect on the acquisition of typical speech patterns in spoken maritime communication, which are closely related to everyday spoken communication. Importantly, the results also seem to indicate that online informal learning of English cannot replace all segments of the formal learning of English for Specific Purposes, but can significantly contribute to the development of general English competence, which is a precondition for the further development of discipline-specific language competence.

Viewing Orwellian Newspeak from the Angle of Linguistics: An “Economic” Redundancy

Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four has been widely studied, but not one of his important inventions in that novel. That is his Newspeak. From the perspective of linguistics, one of the most important characteristics of the development of language(s) is the feature of the economy, which means that language evolves in various ways to streamline and make it easier for its users to express themselves. This is not the case with the English variant "Newspeak" created by George Orwell in Nineteen Eighty-Four, which is somehow simpler in form than standard English, which was named "Oldspeak", but "Newspeak" is actually in a sense simpler than "Oldspeak". Newspeak" is actually much more obscure than "Old speech" in a sense. The reason for this may be found in comparison with several typical language simplification movements. In order to investigate the issues, former researchers` findings would be referenced, and textual evidence would be found and discussed in the article.

A Narrative Inquiry of an Indonesian Prospective Teacher’s Teaching Experiences: Probing Language Teaching Awareness

This narrative inquiry aims at exploring the development of language teaching awareness experienced by a prospective teacher during teaching practicum. In this respect, the study provided insight for student-teachers to have a better understanding of their language teaching practice under certain kinds of circumstances. The participant of this study was a student-teacher majoring in English Education Department at Siliwangi University, Indonesia. She had already conducted a teaching practice in one junior high school in Tasikmalaya, West Java, within 2 months of teaching. The collected data from personal diaries written during the period of teaching, semi-structured interviews, and open-ended questionnaires were being processed qualitatively. The findings reported four primary themes emerging throughout the scrutiny of the development in language teaching awareness, namely (1) the dynamic feeling towards the language teaching practice, (2) the adaptability towards the language teaching activities in certain kinds of circumstance, (3) the ability to adjust with diverse teaching circumstances, (4) realization of the pedagogical implication of teaching beliefs and practices. Briefly stated, language teaching awareness explored through self-awareness can promote self-reflection, self-regulation, and self-evaluation.