Cholinesterase Reactivation in Vivo with a Novel Bis-Oxime Optimized by Computer-Aided Design

2003 ◽  
Vol 307 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Hammond ◽  
C. Kern ◽  
F. Hong ◽  
T. M. Kollmeyer ◽  
Y.-P. Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Cholinesterase Reactivation

scholarly journals Development of a framework for whole-cell models creation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Chaves Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Ambrósio
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

The use of whole-cell models in research has the potential to be a powerful tool for scientific discovery, allowing researchers to test hypotheses faster than using in-vitro or in vivo methods. Such models can be considered the equivalent of Computer Aided Design for Biology. However, given their complexity, it is still difficult to employ them as an instrument in investigations. In order to solve this problem, we are developing a framework with the purpose to guide and help scientists through the process of creating whole-cell models faster, enabling them to use these tools as part of their research. This paper brings details of the early stages of the framework’s development process

scholarly journals 1286 3D Printing of Aortic Valve Scaffolds for Heart Valve Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Georgi ◽  
M Ataide-Da Costa ◽  
S E M Saberi ◽  
L Wu ◽  
H Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

Abstract Introduction Valvular heart disease (VHD) has been commonly described as the forgotten epidemic, with an estimated global prevalence of 2.5%. Current heart valve replacement therapies only partially offer a solution to the problem. In recent years, synthetic polymers have been explored due to their diversity allowing tailor-picking of essential traits, such as chemical properties, physical properties, and degradation states. This project investigated the feasibility and mechanical properties of reverse three-dimensional printing of biodegradable scaffolds for heart valve regeneration. Method Aortic valve dimensions at an average of 100mmHg were used for the computer aided design of the valves. Aortic valve scaffolds were fabricated using the 3D-TIPs reverse printing technique. Infill densities of 30%, 40% or 50% were used. Printed polymer scaffolds were coated in gelatine solution and compared using static tensile tests. Static strength and elasticity of coated and uncoated valves were compared. Results At 25%, 50% and 100% strain, significantly different elastic properties in favour of coated scaffolds between coated and uncoated valves was observed. Coated valves displayed greater strength than uncoated valves (p > 0.05). Computer aided design (CAD) software designed anatomically accurate scaffolds, but poor polymer coagulation was observed on the valve cusps. Conclusions The reverse-printing 3D-TIPS procedure successfully produces heart valve scaffolds which present architectural similarities to the naïve mitral valve, however, dimensions of the valves ought to be reassessed. Gelatine-coated valves exhibit greater elastic and tensile properties. A further understanding of cellular interactions on the polymer scaffold, in particular in vivo studies, are required for the continuity of future study.

Converging-diverging shape configuration of the diaphysis of equine third metacarpal bone through computer-aided design

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mouloodi ◽  
H. Rahmanpanah ◽  
C. Burvill ◽  
H.M.S. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Cortical Area ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Metacarpal Bone ◽  
Internal Loading ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Dorsal Cortex ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

The shape of the diaphysis of the equine third metacarpal bone (MC3) has a substantial influence on its mechanical properties. The connection between bone shape and bone adaptive responses is likely to be useful in forecasting the response of MC3 to a training program as well as predicting its internal loading. A variety of geometrical parameters including cortical area (A), width of dorsal cortex (D), palmar cortex (P), medial cortex (M), lateral cortex (L), medulla in dorsopalmar plane (Md), and medulla in lateromedial plane (M1) in three main cross sections (slices) within the diaphysis of 27 Thoroughbred horses aged from 12 hours to 15 years were measured using computer-aided-design and were analysed using t-tests and ANOVA test (performed in statistical MATLAB codes). Shape indices ([D/P] × [(D+P)/ Md]), H (D+Md +P), and V (M+ M1 +L) were also calculated. For all the samples, the values were plotted for a slice taken from around the mid-point of the shaft, and from two others taken at 3 cm proximally and distally from the middle slice. Cortical area decreased from proximal to distal slices in the majority of the specimens, except for all the foal samples where the area fluctuated and showed a converging-diverging shape. A similar trend was observed for one of the adult horses. To investigate converging-diverging shape configuration, a two-degree polynomial function was fitted to the plots of geometrical parameters and then the curvature (k) of these fitted curves was quantified and compared to assess the significant changes. Previous research showed that 0.5 mm differences in thickness of the midshaft dorsal cortex have a significant effect on local strain in vivo. Variations in the geometrical parameters of the midshaft metacarpus have a dramatic impact on the internal loading of the MC3 and should be considered in designing equine training programs in attempts to predict and prevent bone damage.

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