scholarly journals 1286 3D Printing of Aortic Valve Scaffolds for Heart Valve Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Georgi ◽  
M Ataide-Da Costa ◽  
S E M Saberi ◽  
L Wu ◽  
H Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

Abstract Introduction Valvular heart disease (VHD) has been commonly described as the forgotten epidemic, with an estimated global prevalence of 2.5%. Current heart valve replacement therapies only partially offer a solution to the problem. In recent years, synthetic polymers have been explored due to their diversity allowing tailor-picking of essential traits, such as chemical properties, physical properties, and degradation states. This project investigated the feasibility and mechanical properties of reverse three-dimensional printing of biodegradable scaffolds for heart valve regeneration. Method Aortic valve dimensions at an average of 100mmHg were used for the computer aided design of the valves. Aortic valve scaffolds were fabricated using the 3D-TIPs reverse printing technique. Infill densities of 30%, 40% or 50% were used. Printed polymer scaffolds were coated in gelatine solution and compared using static tensile tests. Static strength and elasticity of coated and uncoated valves were compared. Results At 25%, 50% and 100% strain, significantly different elastic properties in favour of coated scaffolds between coated and uncoated valves was observed. Coated valves displayed greater strength than uncoated valves (p > 0.05). Computer aided design (CAD) software designed anatomically accurate scaffolds, but poor polymer coagulation was observed on the valve cusps. Conclusions The reverse-printing 3D-TIPS procedure successfully produces heart valve scaffolds which present architectural similarities to the naïve mitral valve, however, dimensions of the valves ought to be reassessed. Gelatine-coated valves exhibit greater elastic and tensile properties. A further understanding of cellular interactions on the polymer scaffold, in particular in vivo studies, are required for the continuity of future study.

Cholinesterase Reactivation in Vivo with a Novel Bis-Oxime Optimized by Computer-Aided Design

2003 ◽  
Vol 307 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Hammond ◽  
C. Kern ◽  
F. Hong ◽  
T. M. Kollmeyer ◽  
Y.-P. Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Cholinesterase Reactivation

scholarly journals Development of a framework for whole-cell models creation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederico Chaves Carvalho ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Ambrósio
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

The use of whole-cell models in research has the potential to be a powerful tool for scientific discovery, allowing researchers to test hypotheses faster than using in-vitro or in vivo methods. Such models can be considered the equivalent of Computer Aided Design for Biology. However, given their complexity, it is still difficult to employ them as an instrument in investigations. In order to solve this problem, we are developing a framework with the purpose to guide and help scientists through the process of creating whole-cell models faster, enabling them to use these tools as part of their research. This paper brings details of the early stages of the framework’s development process

scholarly journals Development of Intertwined Infills to Improve Multi-Material Interfacial Bond Strength

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Irfan Mustafa ◽  
Tsz Ho Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Interfacial Bond Strength ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Multiple Materials ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Material Information

Abstract Recently the availability of various materials and ongoing research in developing advanced systems for multi-material additive manufacturing (MMAM) have opened doors for innovation in functional products. One major concern of MMAM is the strength at the interface between materials. This paper hypothesizes overlapping and interlacing materials to enhance the bonding strength. To test this hypothesis, we need a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) tool that can process the overlapped material regions. However, existing computational tools lack key multi-material design processing features and have certain limitations in making full use of the material information, which restricts the testing of our hypothesis. Therefore, this research also develops a new MMAM slicing framework that efficiently identifies the boundaries for materials to develop different advanced features. By modifying a ray tracing technology, we develop layered depth material images (LDMI) to process the material information from computer-aided design (CAD) models for slicing and process planning. Each sample point in the LDMI has associated material and geometric properties that are used to identify the multi-material regions. Based on the material information in each slice, interlocking joint (T-Joint) and interlacing infill are generated in the regions with multiple materials. Tensile tests have been performed to verify the enhancement of mechanical properties by the use of overlapping and interlacing materials.

scholarly journals Development of Intertwined Infills to Improve Multi-Material Interfacial Bond Strength

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Mustafa ◽  
Tsz-Ho Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Interfacial Bond Strength ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Multiple Materials ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Material Information

Abstract Recently the availability of various materials and ongoing research in developing advanced systems for multi-material additive manufacturing (MMAM) have opened doors for innovation in functional products. One major concern of MMAM is the strength at the interface between materials. This paper hypothesizes overlapping and interlacing materials to enhance the bonding strength. To test this hypothesis, we need a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) tool that can process the overlapped material regions. However, existing computational tools lack key multi-material design processing features and have certain limitations in making full use of the material information, which restricts the testing of our hypothesis. Therefore, this research also develops a new MMAM slicing framework that efficiently identifies the boundaries for materials to develop different advanced features. By modifying a ray tracing technology, we develop layered depth material images (LDMI) to process the material information from computer-aided design (CAD) models for slicing and process planning. Each sample point in the LDMI has associated material and geometric properties that are used to identify the multi-material regions. Based on the material information in each slice, interlocking joint (T-Joint) and interlacing infill are generated in the regions with multiple materials. Tensile tests have been performed to verify the enhancement of mechanical properties by the use of overlapping and interlacing materials.

Zirconia Crown as Single Unit Tooth Restoration: A Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 418-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Alfawaz
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Zirconia Ceramics ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aesthetic Dentistry ◽  
Aided Design

ABSTRACT Ceramics has become increasingly popular as a dental restorative material because of its superior esthetics, as well as its inertness and biocompatibility. Among dental ceramics, zirconia is used as a dental biomaterial and it is the material of choice in contemporary restorative dentistry. Zirconia ceramics has both clinical popularity and success due to its outstanding mechanical properties and ease of machining in the green stage via computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology. Zirconia is one of the most promising restorative biomaterial because it has favorable mechanical and chemical properties suitable for medical application. Zirconia ceramics is becoming a prevalent biomaterial in dentistry. Clinical evaluations also indicate a good success rate for zirconia with minimal complications. This article reviews the current literature on dental zirconia with respect to basic properties, biocompatibility, and clinical applications in aesthetic dentistry as single unit crown. How to cite this article Alfawaz Y. Zirconia Crown as Single Unit Tooth Restoration: A Literature Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(5):418-422.

The Effect of Bioprosthetic Heart Valve with Different Suture Densities

2014 ◽  
Vol 590 ◽  
pp. 819-822
Author(s):  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Quan Yuan ◽  
Xu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valve ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Bioprosthetic Heart Valve ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Design Stress

This study is to prolong the life of bioprosthetic heart valve. Bioprosthetic heart valve numerical models are established via computer aided design. Stress distribution of bioprosthetic heart valve leaflets with different suture densities are analyzed based on finite element method. The results show that suture density has a significant effect on the dynamic behavior of the bioprosthetic heart valve, which lead to different stress peak values, different stress distributions and deformation. The stress distributions of the cylindrical valve leaflets with different suture density is quite different and the peak von-Mises with 50 suture points is lower than the other three kinds of suture density. This work can be very helpful when manufacturing the bioprosthetic heart valve.

Titania Nanotubes: Novel Nanostructures for Improved Osseointegration

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Swami ◽  
Zhanwu Cui ◽  
Lakshmi S. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Titania Nanotubes ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Wet Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Nanostructured one dimensional titanium oxides such as nanotubes and nanowires have raised interest lately due to their unique electronic and optical properties. These materials also have shown significant potential as biomaterials because of their ability to modulate protein and cellular interactions. In this review, synthesis and modification of titania nanotubes have been discussed with emphasis on electrochemical synthesis and wet chemical synthesis and their heat treatment of resulting titania nanotubes. The biomedical applications of titania nanotubes were subsequently discussed in detail with a focus on osseointegration. The areas discussed are cell responses to titania nanotubes, effects of titania nanotubes on stem cell proliferation and differentiation, titania nanotubes as drug delivery vehicles, surface modification of titania nanotubes, and in vivo studies using titania nanotubes. It is concluded that the in vitro and in vivo study clearly demonstrates the efficacy of titania nanotube in enhancing osseointegration of orthopedic implants and much of the future work is expected to focus on improving implant functions by modulating the physical and chemical properties of the nanotubes and by locally delivering bioactive molecules in a sustained manner.

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