scholarly journals Mechanisms of Resistance to Daptomycin in Enterococcus faecium

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1167-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemente I. Montero ◽  
Frida Stock ◽  
Patrick R. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Equivalent Point

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the clonal emergence of daptomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from a patient with leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome. The resistance mechanism in these strains is independent of either equivalent point mutations previously described for Staphylococcus aureus or daptomycin inactivation mechanisms identified in soil bacteria.

LAD-III, a leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome associated with defective Rap1 activation and impaired stabilization of integrin bonds

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 1033-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Kinashi ◽  
Memet Aker ◽  
Maya Sokolovsky-Eisenberg ◽  
Valentin Grabovsky ◽  
Chisato Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Flow ◽  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Phorbol Esters ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Integrin Activation ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency ◽  
Rap1 Activation

AbstractRecently, we reported a rare leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) associated with severe defects in integrin activation by chemokine signals, despite normal ligand binding of leukocyte integrins.1 We now report that the small GTPase, Rap1, a key regulator of inside-out integrin activation is abnormally regulated in LAD Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lymphocyte cells. Both constitutive and chemokine-triggered activation of Rap1 were abolished in LAD lymphocytes despite normal chemokine signaling. Nevertheless, Rap1 expression and activation by phorbol esters were intact, ruling out an LAD defect in Rap1 guanosine triphosphate (GTP) loading. The very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) integrin abnormally tethered LAD EBV lymphocytes to its ligand vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) under shear flow due to impaired generation of high-avidity contacts despite normal ligand binding and intact avidity to surface-bound anti-VLA-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb). Thus, a defect in constitutive Rap1 activation results in an inability of ligand-occupied integrins to generate high-avidity binding to ligand under shear flow. This is a first report of an inherited Rap1 activation defect associated with a pathologic disorder in leukocyte integrin function, we herein term it “LAD-III.” (Blood. 2004;103:1033-1036)

scholarly journals Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus: The Never-Ending Story

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Jovan Orlović ◽  
Biljana Miljković-Selimović ◽  
Marina Dinić ◽  
Ljiljana Ristić
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Summary Combating Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections using antibacterial drugs is actually an ongoing effort to overcome resistance mechanism of this microorganism. In this paper, we discussed (1) the mechanisms of resistance to some of the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in the treatment of S. aureus: methicillin, vancomicyn and quinolones. In addition, (2) efflux pump mechanisms involved in maintaining homeostasis in the presence of compounds that inhibit S. aureus growth and reproduction, as well as mechanisms of resistance to a number of antibiotics, have been reviewed.

scholarly journals Leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome: report on the first case in Chile and South America

2012 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Vásquez-De Kartzow ◽  
Cristian Jesam ◽  
Valentina Nehgme ◽  
Francisco Várgas ◽  
Carolina Sepúlveda
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Type I ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency ◽  
First Case ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Deficiency Type

CONTEXT: Adhesion molecule deficiency type 1 is a rare disease that should be suspected in any patient whose umbilical cord presents delay in falling off, and who presents recurrent severe infections. Early diagnostic suspicion and early treatment improve the prognosis. CASE REPORT: The case of a four-month-old boy with recurrent hospitalizations because of severe bronchopneumonia and several episodes of acute otitis media with non-purulent drainage of mucus and positive bacterial cultures is presented. His medical history included neonatal sepsis and delayed umbilical cord detachment. Laboratory studies showed marked leukocytosis with predominance of neutrophils and decreased CD11b and CD18. These were all compatible with a diagnosis of leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I [LAD type 1].

scholarly journals Neutrophil adhesion in leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome type 2.

1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 2898-2906 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L Phillips ◽  
B R Schwartz ◽  
A Etzioni ◽  
R Bayer ◽  
H D Ochs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Neutrophil Adhesion ◽  
Syndrome Type ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
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