scholarly journals Chloroquine Remains Effective for Treating Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Pursat Province, Western Cambodia

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 6270-6272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanaki Amaratunga ◽  
Sokunthea Sreng ◽  
Sivanna Mao ◽  
Gregory S. Tullo ◽  
Jennifer M. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

ABSTRACTChloroquine (CQ) is used to treatPlasmodium vivaxmalaria in areas where CQ resistance has not been reported. The use of artemisinin (ART)-based combination therapies (ACTs) to treat CQ-sensitiveP. vivaxinfections is effective and convenient but may promote the emergence and worsening of ART resistance in sympatricPlasmodium falciparumpopulations. Here, we show that CQ effectively treatsP. vivaxmalaria in Pursat Province, western Cambodia, where ART-resistantP. falciparumis highly prevalent and spreading. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00663546.)

scholarly journals Amplification ofpfmdr1,pfcrt,pvmdr1, and K13 Propeller Polymorphisms Associated with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Isolates from the China-Myanmar Border

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2554-2559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Feng ◽  
Daili Zhou ◽  
Yingxue Lin ◽  
Huihui Xiao ◽  
He Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Molecular Surveillance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antimalarial Resistance ◽  
Local Transmission

ABSTRACTMalaria in the China-Myanmar border region is still severe; local transmission of both falciparum and vivax malaria persists, and there is a risk of geographically expanding antimalarial resistance. In this research, thepfmdr1,pfcrt,pvmdr1, and K13-propeller genotypes were determined in 26Plasmodium falciparumand 64Plasmodium vivaxisolates from Yingjiang county of Yunnan province. Thepfmdr1(11.5%),pfcrt(34.6%), andpvmdr1(3.1%) mutations were prevalent at the China-Myanmar border. The indigenous samples exhibited prevalences of 14.3%, 28.6%, and 14.3% forpfmdr1N86Y,pfcrtK76T, andpfcrtM74I, respectively, whereas the samples from Myanmar showed prevalences of 10.5%, 21.1%, and 5.3%, respectively. The most prevalent genotypes ofpfmdr1andpfcrtwere Y86Y184and M74N75T76, respectively. Nopvmdr1mutation occurred in the indigenous samples but was observed in two cases coming from Myanmar. In addition, we are the first to report on 10 patients (38.5%) with five different K13 point mutations. The F446I allele is predominant (19.2%), and its prevalence was 28.6% in the indigenous samples of Yingjiang county and 15.8% in samples from Myanmar. The present data might be helpful for enrichment of the molecular surveillance of antimalarial resistance and useful for developing and updating guidance for the use of antimalarials in this region.

scholarly journals Antibodies to a Single, Conserved Epitope in Anopheles APN1 Inhibit Universal Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Malaria

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 818-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Armistead ◽  
Isabelle Morlais ◽  
Derrick K. Mathias ◽  
Juliette G. Jardim ◽  
Jaimy Joy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Block Transmission ◽  
Antibody Recognition ◽  
Protective Epitope ◽  
Product Profile ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria ◽  
Transmission Blocking Vaccines ◽  
Conserved Epitope

ABSTRACTMalaria transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) represent a promising approach for the elimination and eradication of this disease. AnAPN1 is a lead TBV candidate that targets a surface antigen on the midgut of the obligate vector of thePlasmodiumparasite, theAnophelesmosquito. In this study, we demonstrated that antibodies targeting AnAPN1 block transmission ofPlasmodium falciparumandPlasmodium vivaxacross distantly related anopheline species in countries to which malaria is endemic. Using a biochemical and immunological approach, we determined that the mechanism of action for this phenomenon stems from antibody recognition of a single protective epitope on AnAPN1, which we found to be immunogenic in murine and nonhuman primate models and highly conserved among anophelines. These data indicate that AnAPN1 meets the established target product profile for TBVs and suggest a potential key role for an AnAPN1-based panmalaria TBV in the effort to eradicate malaria.

A novel real-time PCR assay for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in low parasitized individuals

Acta Tropica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 120 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Young Hwang ◽  
So-Hee Kim ◽  
Ga-Young Lee ◽  
Vu Thi Thu Hang ◽  
Chi-Sook Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria
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