scholarly journals Mefloquine Is Highly Efficacious against Chloroquine-Resistant Plasmodium vivax Malaria and Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Papua, Indonesia

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1067-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Maguire ◽  
Krisin ◽  
H. Marwoto ◽  
T. L. Richie ◽  
D. J. Fryauff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

scholarly journals Plasmodium vivax Relapse Rates Following Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Reflect Previous Transmission Intensity

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Ashley ◽  
Aung Pyae Phyo ◽  
Verena I Carrara ◽  
Kyaw Myo Tun ◽  
Francois Nosten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Transmission Intensity ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

Abstract From 2003 through 2009, 687 of 2885 patients (23.8%) treated for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in clinical studies in Myanmar or on the Thailand-Myanmar border had recurrent Plasmodium vivax malaria within 63 days, compared with 18 of 429 patients (4.2%) from 2010 onward (risk ratio [RR], 0.176; 95% confidence interval, .112–.278; P < .0001). Corresponding data from 42 days of follow-up revealed that 820 of 3883 patients (21.1%) had recurrent P. vivax malaria before 2010, compared with 22 of 886 (2.5%) from 2010 onward (RR, 0.117; 95% CI, .077–.177; P < .0001). This 6-fold reduction suggests a recent decline in P. vivax transmission intensity and, thus, a substantial reduction in the proportion of individuals harboring hypnozoites.

scholarly journals Comparison of clinical profile between Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children in tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1294
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar Ravilala ◽  
Shabbeer Ahmed ◽  
Murali Krishna Vanka ◽  
Rajesh Seepana
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
Complicated Malaria

Background: The high prevalence of uncomplicated malaria as seen in this study suggests the importance of timely diagnosis and effective treatment and encourages new activities to further decrease complicated malaria cases.Methods: In this study, malaria was diagnosed by conventional thick and thin peripheral smear stained with Leishman stain, examined under oil immersion. The slide was considered negative when there were no parasites in 100 HPF. Rapid diagnostic tests were based on detection of specific plasmodium antigen, LDH (optimal test) for Vivax and HRP2 for falciparum. The mode of presentations like fever, splenomegaly, vomiting, abdominal pain, laboratory investigations and complications were noted. Simple malaria was defined as Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium falciparum malaria without any complications. All the statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 16 version and in MS Excel. Qualitative variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square was used for examining the categorical data.Results: A total 100 cases of malaria diagnosed by rapid diagnostic test and/or peripheral smear were studied. 69% of the cases were falciparum malaria and 31% of the cases were vivax malaria. Males were more commonly affected than females. Vivax malaria was most common between 5-10 years of age and falciparum malaria was more common in 0-5 years of age. Uncomplicated malaria was seen in 73% of the cases and complicated malaria was seen in 27% of the cases. Incidence of complicated malaria was more common in case of falciparum malaria. Fever, pallor, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were significant for clinical diagnosis of malaria.  Severe anaemia was the most common presentation of complicated malaria followed by jaundice. Cerebral malaria was more common in case of falciparum malaria. Metabolic acidosis and renal failure were more common in falciparum malaria. Hypoglycemia, significant bleeding and shock were more common in falciparum malaria. ARDS was most common in vivax malaria.Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of severity of P. Vivax malaria and recommends further studies to establish mortality and severity predictors specific to it.

scholarly journals Clinical and epidemiological features of imported malaria in the Republic of Crimea for a twenty-year period (1994-2014)

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 916-920
Author(s):  
I Z Karimov ◽  
N G Los’-Yatsenko ◽  
A S Midikari ◽  
M V Gorovenko ◽  
P S Arshinov
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Imported Malaria ◽  
Plasmodium Ovale ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
The Republic

Aim. To identify the main clinical and epidemiological features of imported malaria in the Republic of Crimea for a twenty year period (1994-2014). Methods. Archival case reports, results of thin and thick blood films for malaria, a set of general clinical and biochemical laboratory parameters were assessed. Results. Over the past 20 years, 48 patients (including 47 men) aged 21 to 61 years were treated for imported malaria in the department of infectious diseases of the 7th City Clinical Hospital in Simferopol. 34 patients were diagnosed with Plasmodium falciparum malaria, 7 - with Plasmodium vivax malaria, 1 - with Plasmodium ovale malaria, 2 - with Plasmodium malariae malaria. Mixed infection (Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax) was revealed in 2 patients; in 2 cases the diagnosis was based on clinical and epidemiological data. Malaria was imported form Sierra Leone, Angola, Mali, Guinea, India, Yemen, Nigeria, Congo, Ghana, as well as from neighboring countries - Azerbaijan and Tajikistan. The clinical picture of Plasmodium falciparum malaria was characterized with diverse fever, absence of manifest chills and sweats, challenging the diagnosis. Plasmodium vivax malaria cases were typical with repeated fever, but were diagnosed late. Self-intake of antimalarial and antibacterial drugs, as well as inadequate chemoprophylaxis distorts the clinical picture of the disease and worsens the quality of laboratory diagnosis. Difficulties in film examinations were most common in cases of mixed-malaria and Plasmodium ovale malaria, requiring repeated tests performed by experienced professionals. Intravenous quinine should be added to treatment together with pyrimethamine + sulfadoxine (Fansidar) and artemisinin in cases of severe course of Plasmodium falciparum malaria associated with increasing parasitaemia. Conclusion. Imported malaria, mostly Plasmodium falciparum malaria, which is associated with the most severe clinical course, increased risk for complicated forms development and unfavorable outcome, is quite common in the Republic of Crimea. Mandatory testing of non-immunized persons returning from endemic areas with any change in well-being and active detection of malaria carriers among residents of endemic areas, arriving in non-endemic areas, are crucial for the early diagnosis of malaria.

scholarly journals A prospective comparative study of clinical profile and severity of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax in coastal Andhra Pradesh, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
Rukmini Ramya M. ◽  
Rajya Lakshmi M.
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Medical College

Background: Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) causes vital organ dysfunction. The manifestation of severe form of falciparum malaria includes cerebral malaria, acidosis, severe anaemia, renal failure, hypotension, shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation and convulsion. Death rate used to be high. But vivax malaria is not presented in severe form and there is tendency of recurrence. Present study has been designed to compare clinical profile and severity of P. falciparum and Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) malaria in coastal district of Andhra Pradesh.Methods: Present study is a prospective comparative randomized observational study conducted in the depart of general medicine Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh from February 2016 to May 2018. The study population include 260 patients diagnosed to have P. falciparum and P. vivax malaria and being admitted in the general medicine dept. Govt medical college Kakinada randomly selected based on exclusion and inclusion criteria.Results: Out of 172 Falciparum malaria patients’ anaemia was present in 39.53% patient and out of 88 P. vivax patients 43.18% patients have anaemia. Thrombocytopenia was present in 19.76% patients of falciparum malaria and 79.54% of P. vivax. Increased leucocyte count was seen in 29.65% P. falciparum and 4.54% P. vivax patients. Leukopenia was seen in 9.3% P. falciparum and 1.136% P. vivax patient. PT and APTT was increased in 12.79% patients of P. falciparum malaria and 6.8% patients of P. vivax malaria. Liver enzyme was elevated in 27.9% of P. falciparum patients and 47.72% patients of P. vivax patients. Raised serum urea and creatinine, was seen in 18.60% patients of P. falciparum and 18.18% patients of P. vivax malaria. Electrolyte imbalance was also found in both groups.Conclusions: - In present study number of falciparum malaria cases were more than vivax with male predominance. Hepatomegaly was more common falciparum, but splenomegaly was more common in vivax malaria patients. Anaemia and thrombocytopenia were more common in P. vivax malaria patients. Elevated liver enzyme was more common in P. vivax patients but elevated serum urea and creatinine was almost same in both groups. Except hepatic dysfunction all other complication was more in falciparum then vivax infection. Death was only marginally high in falciparum then vivax malaria patients.

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