scholarly journals Competitive Oxidation of Volatile Fatty Acids by Sulfate- and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria from an Oil Field in Argentina

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (14) ◽  
pp. 4324-4335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Grigoryan ◽  
Sabrina L. Cornish ◽  
Brenton Buziak ◽  
Shiping Lin ◽  
Adriana Cavallaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACT Acetate, propionate, and butyrate, collectively referred to as volatile fatty acids (VFA), are considered among the most important electron donors for sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria (hNRB) in oil fields. Samples obtained from a field in the Neuquén Basin, western Argentina, had significant activity of mesophilic SRB, hNRB, and nitrate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (NR-SOB). In microcosms, containing VFA (3 mM each) and excess sulfate, SRB first used propionate and butyrate for the production of acetate, which reached concentrations of up to 12 mM prior to being used as an electron donor for sulfate reduction. In contrast, hNRB used all three organic acids with similar kinetics, while reducing nitrate to nitrite and nitrogen. Transient inhibition of VFA-utilizing SRB was observed with 0.5 mM nitrite and permanent inhibition with concentrations of 1 mM or more. The addition of nitrate to medium flowing into an upflow, packed-bed bioreactor with an established VFA-oxidizing SRB consortium led to a spike of nitrite up to 3 mM. The nitrite-mediated inhibition of SRB led, in turn, to the transient accumulation of up to 13 mM of acetate. The complete utilization of nitrate and the incomplete utilization of VFA, especially propionate, and sulfate indicated that SRB remained partially inhibited. Hence, in addition to lower sulfide concentrations, an increase in the concentration of acetate in the presence of sulfate in waters produced from an oil field subjected to nitrate injection may indicate whether the treatment is successful. The microbial community composition in the bioreactor, as determined by culturing and culture-independent techniques, indicated shifts with an increasing fraction of nitrate. With VFA and sulfate, the SRB genera Desulfobotulus, Desulfotignum, and Desulfobacter as well as the sulfur-reducing Desulfuromonas and the NR-SOB Arcobacter were detected. With VFA and nitrate, Pseudomonas spp. were present. hNRB/NR-SOB from the genus Sulfurospirillum were found under all conditions.

scholarly journals Oil Field Souring Control by Nitrate-Reducing Sulfurospirillum spp. That Outcompete Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria for Organic Electron Donors

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 2644-2652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey Hubert ◽  
Gerrit Voordouw
Keyword(s):  
Community Analysis ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Sulfate Concentration ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Reducing Bacteria

ABSTRACT Nitrate injection into oil reservoirs can prevent and remediate souring, the production of hydrogen sulfide by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Nitrate stimulates nitrate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (NR-SOB) and heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria (hNRB) that compete with SRB for degradable oil organics. Up-flow, packed-bed bioreactors inoculated with water produced from an oil field and injected with lactate, sulfate, and nitrate served as sources for isolating several NRB, including Sulfurospirillum and Thauera spp. The former coupled reduction of nitrate to nitrite and ammonia with oxidation of either lactate (hNRB activity) or sulfide (NR-SOB activity). Souring control in a bioreactor receiving 12.5 mM lactate and 6, 2, 0.75, or 0.013 mM sulfate always required injection of 10 mM nitrate, irrespective of the sulfate concentration. Community analysis revealed that at all but the lowest sulfate concentration (0.013 mM), significant SRB were present. At 0.013 mM sulfate, direct hNRB-mediated oxidation of lactate by nitrate appeared to be the dominant mechanism. The absence of significant SRB indicated that sulfur cycling does not occur at such low sulfate concentrations. The metabolically versatile Sulfurospirillum spp. were dominant when nitrate was present in the bioreactor. Analysis of cocultures of Desulfovibrio sp. strain Lac3, Lac6, or Lac15 and Sulfurospirillum sp. strain KW indicated its hNRB activity and ability to produce inhibitory concentrations of nitrite to be key factors for it to successfully outcompete oil field SRB.

Enhanced production of volatile fatty acids by adding a kind of sulfate reducing bacteria under alkaline pH

2020 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
pp. 111249
Author(s):  
Guangzhi Wang ◽  
Dongdong Wang ◽  
Likun Huang ◽  
Yanmei Song ◽  
Zhiqiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Biodegradation of Volatile Fatty Acids by Three Species of Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1145-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ganaye ◽  
S. Fass ◽  
V. Urbain ◽  
J. Manem ◽  
J. C. Block
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Reducing Bacteria

scholarly journals Two Marine Desulfotomaculum spp. of Different Origin are Capable of Utilizing Acetone and Higher Ketones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Frey ◽  
Sophie Kaßner ◽  
Bernhard Schink
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Thiamine Diphosphate ◽  
Sulfate Reducers ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Different Origin

AbstractDegradation of acetone and higher ketones has been described in detail for aerobic and nitrate-reducing bacteria. Among sulfate-reducing bacteria, degradation of acetone and other ketones is still an uncommon ability and has not been understood completely yet. In the present work, we show that Desulfotomaculum arcticum and Desulfotomaculum geothermicum are able to degrade acetone and butanone. Total proteomics of cell-free extracts of both organisms indicated an involvement of a thiamine diphosphate-dependent enzyme, a B12-dependent mutase, and a specific dehydrogenase during acetone degradation. Similar enzymes were recently described to be involved in acetone degradation by Desulfococcus biacutus. As there are so far only two described sulfate reducers able to degrade acetone, D. arcticum and D. geothermicum represent two further species with this capacity. All these bacteria appear to degrade acetone via the same set of enzymes and therefore via the same pathway.

scholarly journals Activation of short-chain ketones and isopropanol in sulfate-reducing bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Frey ◽  
Sophie Kaßner ◽  
Dieter Spiteller ◽  
Mario Mergelsberg ◽  
Matthias Boll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Enzyme Assays ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Protein Gel ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Coenzyme B ◽  
Nitrate Reducing Bacteria

Abstract Background Degradation of acetone by aerobic and nitrate-reducing bacteria can proceed via carboxylation to acetoacetate and subsequent thiolytic cleavage to two acetyl residues. A different strategy was identified in the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfococcus biacutus that involves formylation of acetone to 2-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA. Results Utilization of short-chain ketones (acetone, butanone, 2-pentanone and 3-pentanone) and isopropanol by the sulfate reducer Desulfosarcina cetonica was investigated by differential proteome analyses and enzyme assays. Two-dimensional protein gel electrophoresis indicated that D. cetonica during growth with acetone expresses enzymes homologous to those described for Desulfococcus biacutus: a thiamine diphosphate (TDP)-requiring enzyme, two subunits of a B12-dependent mutase, and a NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase. Total proteomics of cell-free extracts confirmed these results and identified several additional ketone-inducible proteins. Acetone is activated, most likely mediated by the TDP-dependent enzyme, to a branched-chain CoA-ester, 2-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA. This compound is linearized to 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA by a coenzyme B12-dependent mutase followed by oxidation to acetoacetyl-CoA by a dehydrogenase. Proteomic analysis of isopropanol- and butanone-grown cells revealed the expression of a set of enzymes identical to that expressed during growth with acetone. Enzyme assays with cell-free extract of isopropanol- and butanone-grown cells support a B12-dependent isomerization. After growth with 2-pentanone or 3-pentanone, similar protein patterns were observed in cell-free extracts as those found after growth with acetone. Conclusions According to these results, butanone and isopropanol, as well as the two pentanone isomers, are degraded by the same enzymes that are used also in acetone degradation. Our results indicate that the degradation of several short-chain ketones appears to be initiated by TDP-dependent formylation in sulfate-reducing bacteria.

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