scholarly journals Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays Using Recombinant Envelope Protein Expressed in COS-1 and Drosophila S2 Cells for Detection of West Nile Virus Immunoglobulin M in Serum or Cerebrospinal Fluid

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Scott Muerhoff ◽  
George J. Dawson ◽  
Bruce Dille ◽  
Robin Gutierrez ◽  
Thomas P. Leary ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Humans infected with West Nile virus (WNV) develop immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies soon after infection. The microtiter-based assays for WNV IgM antibody detection used by most state public health and reference laboratories utilize WNV antigen isolated from infected Vero cells or recombinant envelope protein produced in COS-1 cells. Recombinant antigen produced in COS-1 cells was used to develop a WNV IgM capture enzyme immunoassay (EIA). A supplementary EIA using WNV envelope protein expressed in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells was also developed. Both assays detected WNV IgM in the sera of experimentally infected rhesus monkeys within approximately 10 days postinfection. Human sera previously tested for WNV IgM at a state public health laboratory (SPHL) were evaluated using both EIAs. Among the sera from 20 individuals with laboratory-confirmed WNV infection (i.e., IgM-positive cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]) that were categorized as equivocal for WNV IgM at the SPHL, 19 were IgM positive and one was negative by the new EIAs. Of the 19 IgM-positive patients, 15 were diagnosed with meningitis or encephalitis; the IgM-negative patient was not diagnosed with neurological disease. There was 100% agreement between the EIAs for the detection of WNV IgM. CSF samples from 21 individuals tested equivocal for WNV IgM at the SPHL; all 21 were positive in both bead assays, and 16 of these patients were diagnosed with neurological disease. These findings demonstrate that the new EIAs accurately identify WNV infection in individuals with confirmed WNV encephalitis and that they exhibit enhanced sensitivity over that of the microtiter assay format.

2001 ◽  
Vol 167 (9) ◽  
pp. 5273-5277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Wang ◽  
John F. Anderson ◽  
Louis A. Magnarelli ◽  
Susan J. Wong ◽  
Raymond A. Koski ◽  
...  

Vaccine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (41) ◽  
pp. 4523-4527 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Escribano-Romero ◽  
V. Gamino ◽  
T. Merino-Ramos ◽  
A.B. Blázquez ◽  
M.A. Martín-Acebes ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol A. Fassbinder-Orth ◽  
Erik K. Hofmeister ◽  
Carolyn Weeks-Levy ◽  
William H. Karasov

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Wang ◽  
Louis A. Magnarelli ◽  
John F. Anderson ◽  
L. Hannah Gould ◽  
Sandra L. Bushmich ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
Michel Toledano

A 62-year-old woman sought care in late summer for a 4-day history of upper respiratory tract symptoms, intermittent fevers, headache, and a 1-day history of disorientation, word-finding difficulties, and unsteady gait. Upon arrival to the emergency department, she had a witnessed seizure and was intubated because of increased lethargy. Her temperature was 39.4 °C, but she was otherwise hemodynamically stable. She had normal ophthalmoscopic examination findings and antigravity strength in all 4 extremities. Her deep tendon reflexes were brisk, but plantar responses were flexor. She had no rash. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed a normal glucose value, protein concentration of 82 mg/dL, and mixed pleocytosis. She had been hiking recently, but her family reported that there were no tick exposures or mosquito bites. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed areas of T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensity involving primarily the left thalamus and basal ganglia without definitive gadolinium enhancement. Both serum and cerebrospinal fluid were positive for immunoglobulin M antibodies to West Nile virus. The patient was diagnosed with West Nile virus encephalitis. After the seizure, the patient was treated with levetiracetam, and empiric antimicrobials were started for acute meningoencephalitis, along with adjunctive dexamethasone. Continuous electroencephalography was obtained because of the persistent encephalopathy and showed no evidence of subclinical seizures. The dexamethasone was stopped after 2 doses because of low suspicion for pneumococcal meningitis, and the antibiotics were discontinued after results of serum and cerebrospinal fluid cultures were negative for bacteria (48 hours). Acyclovir was stopped after the polymerase chain reaction results were negative for herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus.


2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Chabierski ◽  
Luisa Barzon ◽  
Anna Papa ◽  
Matthias Niedrig ◽  
Jonathan L Bramson ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. e1-e1
Author(s):  
Carol A Fassbinder-Orth ◽  
Erik K Hofmeister ◽  
Carolyn Weeks-Levy ◽  
William H Karasov

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