scholarly journals Real-Time PCR with Serum Samples Is Indispensable for Early Diagnosis of Acute Q Fever

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Schneeberger ◽  
Mirjam H. A. Hermans ◽  
Erik J. van Hannen ◽  
Jeroen J. A. Schellekens ◽  
Alexander C. A. P. Leenders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Convalescent Phase ◽  
Acute Q Fever

ABSTRACT The world's largest Q fever outbreak is ongoing in The Netherlands with around 3,000 confirmed cases since the first half of 2007. Increased awareness has resulted in early referral of patients for diagnostics. An important drawback to serological diagnosis of acute Q fever is the lag phase in antibody response. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of a real-time PCR for detection of Coxiella burnetii DNA using serum samples from patients with acute Q fever. PCR, targeting IS1111, was retrospectively performed on acute-phase and follow-up convalescent-phase serum samples from 65 patients with acute Q fever as diagnosed by immunofluorescence assay. The results obtained by PCR were related to disease stage as defined by subsequent appearance of phase II IgM, phase II IgG, phase I IgM, and phase I IgG (IgM-II, IgG-II, IgM-I, and IgG-I, respectively) antibodies and time since onset of disease. In addition, we analyzed seronegative acute-phase serum samples from patients with inconclusive Q fever serology, because no convalescent-phase serum samples were available. PCR was scored positive in 49/50 (98%) seronegative sera, 9/10 (90%) sera with isolated IgM-II antibodies, 3/13 (23%) sera with IgM-II/IgG-II antibodies, 2/41 (5%) sera with IgM-II/IgG-II/IgM-I antibodies, 0/15 (0%) sera with IgM-II/IgG-II/IgM-I/IgG-I antibodies, and 0/1 (0%) serum sample with IgM-II/IgG-II/IgG-I antibodies. The latest time point after onset of disease in which C. burnetii DNA could be detected was at day 17. In patients with inconclusive Q fever serology, PCR was positive in 5/50 (10%) cases. We conclude that real-time PCR with serum samples is indispensable for early diagnosis of acute Q fever. C. burnetii DNA becomes undetectable in serum as the serological response develops.

scholarly journals Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Symptomatic Acute Q Fever Do Not Prohibit IgG Antibody Responses to Coxiella burnetii

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1661-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. H. Wielders ◽  
L. M. Kampschreur ◽  
P. M. Schneeberger ◽  
M. M. Jager ◽  
A. I. M. Hoepelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Acute Q Fever

ABSTRACTLittle is known about the effect of timing of antibiotic treatment on development of IgG antibodies following acute Q fever. We studied IgG antibody responses in symptomatic patients diagnosed either before or during development of the serologic response toCoxiella burnetii. Between 15 and 31 May 2009, 186 patients presented with acute Q fever, of which 181 were included in this retrospective study: 91 early-diagnosed (ED) acute Q fever patients, defined as negative IgM phase II enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and positive PCR, and 90 late-diagnosed (LD) acute Q fever patients, defined as positive/dubious IgM phase II ELISA and positive immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Follow-up serology at 3, 6, and 12 months was performed using IFA (IgG phase I and II). High IgG antibody titers were defined as IgG phase II titers of ≥1:1,024 together with IgG phase I titers of ≥1:256. At 12 months, 28.6% of ED patients and 19.5% of LD patients had high IgG antibody titers (P= 0.17). No statistically significant differences were found in frequencies of IgG phase I and IgG phase II antibody titers at all follow-up appointments for adequately and inadequately treated patients overall, as well as for ED and LD patients analyzed separately. Additionally, no significant difference was found in frequencies of high antibody titers and between early (treatment started within 7 days after seeking medical attention) and late timing of treatment. This study indicates that early diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of acute Q fever do not prohibit development of the IgG antibody response.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF COXIELLA BURNETII INFECTION IN CATTLE, BLACK BENGAL GOATS AND TICKS IN BANGLADESH

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chakrabartty ◽  
P. K. Bhattacharjee ◽  
R. R. Sarker ◽  
A. K. M. A. Rahman ◽  
K. Henning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cattle Serum

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii infection in domestic ruminants and to detect Coxiella burnetii DNA from ticks and serum samples. A total of 24 ticks, 91 goats and 81 cattle serum samples with the history of abortion and reproductive disorders were collected from the different areas in Bangladesh. The serum samples were tested by CHEKIT Q-Fever Antibody ELISA Test Kit and Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected by multiplex quantitative real- time PCR. The overall prevalence was 7.6% and 6.1% in goats and cattle, respectively. However, none of seropositive samples and tick samples was positive in quantitative real-time PCR.

scholarly journals Predominant Immunoglobulin A Response to Phase II Antigen of Coxiella burnetii in Acute Q Fever

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Edouard Fournier ◽  
Didier Raoult
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Chronic Q Fever ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Acute Q Fever

ABSTRACT Diagnosis of acute Q fever is usually confirmed by serology, on the basis of anti-phase II antigen immunoglobulin M (IgM) titers of ≥1:50 and IgG titers of ≥1:200. Phase I antibodies, especially IgG and IgA, are predominant in chronic forms of the disease. However, between January 1982 and June 1998, we observed anti-phase II antigen IgA titers of ≥1:200 as the sole or main antibody response in 10 of 1,034 (0.96%) patients with acute Q fever for whom information was available. In order to determine whether specific epidemiological or clinical factors were associated with these serological profiles, we conducted a retrospective case-control study that included completion of a standardized questionnaire, which was given to 40 matched controls who also suffered from acute Q fever. The mean age of patients with elevated phase II IgA titers was significantly higher than that usually observed for patients with acute Q fever (P = 0.026); the patients were also more likely than controls to live in rural areas (P = 0.026) and to have increased levels of transaminase in blood (P = 0.03). Elevated IgA titers are usually associated with chronic Q fever and are directed mainly at phase I antigens. Although the significance of our findings is unexplained, we herein emphasize the fact that IgA antibodies are not specific for chronic forms of Q fever and that they may occasionally be observed in patients with acute disease. Moreover, as such antibody profiles may not be determined by most laboratories, which test only for total antibody titers to phase I and II antigens, the three isotype-specific Ig titers should be determined as the first step in diagnosing Q fever.

The immune response in a cat-related outbreak of Q fever as measured by the indirect immunofluorescence test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Embil ◽  
J. C. Williams ◽  
T. J. Marrie
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Chronic Q Fever ◽  
Acute Q Fever ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent

The isotypic immune response of 16 individuals who developed Q fever pneumonia following exposure to an infected parturient cat was studied. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) test was used to detect IgM, IgA, and IgG antibodies to phase I and phase II Coxiella burnetii whole-cell antigens and to the phase I lipopolysaccharide. The indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test was also used to detect antibodies to phase I and phase II whole cells. None of the 16 subjects developed antibodies to the phase I lipopoly saccharide. The ELISA was more sensitive than the IFA test. IgM antibodies to phase II antigen were detectable by ELISA in 80% of the subjects at the time of onset of symptoms and were still present in 7 of the 8 tested at 32 weeks following the onset of symptoms. In all instances (ELISA: IgG, IgM; IFA: IgG, IgM) phase II antibodies developed earlier and reached higher levels than did phase I antibodies. The absence of antibodies to phase I lipopolysaccharide in acute Q fever combined with our unpublished findings of antibodies to phase I lipopoly saccharide in chronic Q fever suggests that this test may be used to distinguish acute from chronic Q fever. Key words: Q fever, immune response, ELISA.

Seroepidemiology of Q fever in New Brunswick and Manitoba

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1043-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Marrie
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Immunofluorescence Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Test

A seroepidemiological survey, using an indirect immunofluorescence test, was carried out on serum samples obtained from New Brunswick and Manitoba blood donors during 1986. The antigens were Coxiella burnetii phase I and phase II from strain Nine Mile. Eighty of the 503 (15.9%) Manitoba blood donors had a phase II antibody titer of ≥ 1:8, while 41 (4.2%) of the 966 New Brunswick blood donors had such antibodies. We have recently diagnosed three cases of Q fever in New Brunswick but none have been diagnosed in Manitoba. Our data suggest that Q fever may be increasing in New Brunswick and repeated seroepidemiological studies are indicated. It is likely that undetected cases of Q fever are occurring in Manitoba.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence Coxiella burnetii among cows and sheep in Thi-Qar Province/ Iraq

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Journal Manager ◽  
J. Abed, A.A Salih, and A. Abd-ul-husien
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Serum Samples

The aim of this study is detecting antibodies of phase I and phase II of Coxiella burnetii bacterium, the cause of Q-fever, a zoonotic diesase in humans and animals in Thi-Qar province.Out of 393 serum samples collected randomly from Thi-Qar province from aborted and non aborted cows and ewes, the results appeared that 29 (7.37%) samples of cows and ewes were seropositive for C. burnetii distributed as 16 seropositive samples of 172 cows (9.3%) and 13 seropositive samples of 221 sheep (5.8%).the most positive cases associated with abortion cases with ratio (92.3%) in ewes and (75%) in cows.

Rapid detection of Chlamydia/Chlamydophila group in samples collected from swine herds with and without reproductive disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rypula ◽  
A. Kumala ◽  
P. Lis ◽  
K. Niemczuk ◽  
K. Płoneczka-Janeczko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Complement Fixation Test ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Fixation Test ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Swine Herds

Abstract The study was carried out in seven reproductive herds of pigs. In three of them reproductive disorders were observed. Three herds consisted of 10-50 and four consisted of 120-500 adult sows and they were called small and medium, respectively. Fifty-seven adult sows were randomly selected from herds. Serum samples were tested using the complement fixation test and swabs from both eyes and from the vaginal vestibule were examined using real-time PCR. All serum samples were negative. Infected sows were present in each of the study herds. In total, there were 28 positive samples (53%, 28/48) in real-time PCR in sows with reproductive disorders and 35 (53%, 35/66) in sows selected from herds without problems in reproduction. One isolate proved to be Chlamydophila pecorum, whereas all the remaining were Chamydia suis

scholarly journals Prospective multicenter evaluation of real time PCR Kit prototype for early diagnosis of congenital Chagas disease

EBioMedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 103450
Author(s):  
Alejandro Francisco Benatar ◽  
Emmaría Danesi ◽  
Susana Alicia Besuschio ◽  
Santiago Bortolotti ◽  
María Luisa Cafferata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Real Time Pcr
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