scholarly journals Tick Salivary Gland Extract Inhibits Killing ofBorrelia afzelii Spirochetes by Mouse Macrophages

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 575-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Kuthejlová ◽  
Jan Kopecký ◽  
Gabriela Štěpánová ◽  
Aleš Macela
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Salivary Gland Extract ◽  
Tick Saliva ◽  
Murine Macrophages ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Mouse Macrophages ◽  
Defense Molecules

ABSTRACT Salivary gland extract (SGE) from Ixodes ricinus ticks inhibited the killing of Borrelia afzelii spirochetes by murine macrophages. SGE also reduced the production of two major defense molecules of phagocytes, superoxide and nitric oxide. It is likely that the suppression of macrophage microbicidal mechanisms contributes to the inhibitory effect of tick saliva on the killing ofB. afzelii spirochetes, thus facilitating the transmission of this important pathogen.

scholarly journals Dissociating effect of salivary gland extract from Ixodes ricinus on human fibroblasts: Potential impact on Borrelia transmission

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Boeuf ◽  
Gilles Schnell ◽  
Quentin Bernard ◽  
Aurelie Kern ◽  
Benoît Westermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Salivary Gland Extract ◽  
Gland Extract ◽  
Potential Impact

scholarly journals Interactions of Human Dermal Dendritic Cells and Langerhans Cells Treated with Hyalomma Tick Saliva with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio E. Rodriguez ◽  
Alexander J. McAuley ◽  
Aysen Gargili ◽  
Dennis A. Bente
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Salivary Gland Extract ◽  
Tick Saliva ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ◽  
Gland Extract

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus is one the most important and wide spread tick-borne viruses. Very little is known about the transmission from the tick and the early aspects of pathogenesis. Here, we generate human cutaneous antigen presenting cells: dermal dendritic cells and Langerhans cells, from umbilical cord progenitor cells. In order to mimic the environment created during tick feeding, tick salivary gland extract was generated from semi-engorged Hyalomma marginatum ticks. Our findings indicate that human dermal dendritic cells and Langerhans cells are susceptible and permissive to Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection, however, to different degrees. Infection leads to cell activation and cytokine/chemokine secretion, although these responses vary between the different cell types. Hyalomma marginatum salivary gland extract had minimal effect on cell responses, with some synergy with viral infection with respect to cytokine secretion. However, salivary gland extract appeared to inhibit antigen presenting cell (APC) migration. Based on the findings here we hypothesize that human dermal dendritic cells and Langerhans cells serve as early target cells. Rather affecting Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus replication, tick saliva likely immunomodulates and inhibits migration of these APC from the feeding site.

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