New Fish Virus Identified in Tilapia Farms

ABSTRACT Members of the genus Ranavirus (family Iridoviridae) have been recognized as major viral pathogens of cold-blooded vertebrates. Ranaviruses have been associated with amphibians, fish, and reptiles. At this time, the relationships between ranavirus species are still unclear. Previous studies suggested that ranaviruses from salamanders are more closely related to ranaviruses from fish than they are to ranaviruses from other amphibians, such as frogs. Therefore, to gain a better understanding of the relationships among ranavirus isolates, the genome of epizootic hematopoietic necrosis virus (EHNV), an Australian fish pathogen, was sequenced. Our findings suggest that the ancestral ranavirus was a fish virus and that several recent host shifts have taken place, with subsequent speciation of viruses in their new hosts. The data suggesting several recent host shifts among ranavirus species increase concern that these pathogens of cold-blooded vertebrates may have the capacity to cross numerous poikilothermic species barriers and the potential to cause devastating disease in their new hosts.

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Deadly fish virus

Marine Pollution Bulletin ◽

10.1016/0025-326x(89)90047-7 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 424

Author(s):

Mike Waldichuk

Keyword(s):

Fish Virus

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Pathogenesis of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus in Adult Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka)

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f82-152 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 39 (8) ◽

pp. 1144-1149 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Dan Mulcahy ◽

John Burke ◽

Ron Pascho ◽

C. K. Jenes

Keyword(s):

Sockeye Salmon ◽

Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽

Virus Concentration ◽

Ovarian Fluid ◽

Female Fish ◽

Fish Virus ◽

Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis ◽

The Mean ◽

Mean Concentration ◽

Pyloric Ceca

The concentration of infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus was determined in eight organs and two body fluids from each of 60 adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Included in the sample were 4 males and 56 prespawning, spawning, or spent female fish. All fish were infected, and virus was present in nearly all organs. There was an overall tendency for the mean concentration to increase in many of the organs over time as the fish progressed in ripeness. In prespawning females, IHN virus could be detected in all organs and in ovarian fluid but not in serum; the incidences were highest in the gills, spleen, and pyloric ceca, and the titers were highest in the pyloric ceca and liver. Incidences of infection in the organs were higher in spawning than in prespawning females and higher still in spent females in which the incidence of virus was 100% in all organs except brains (78%) and sera (67%). Virus concentrations in organs or fluids ranged from 5 to 4.0 × 109 plaque-forming units per millilitre. In males, the highest incidences of virus were found in gills, pyloric ceca, and liver. The gills were the only organ in which the virus concentration in males exceeded that of females.Key words: infectious hematopoietic necrosis, IHN, fish virus, viral pathogenesis, sockeye salmon

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Functional characterization of myosin III light chain b of sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) in response to fish virus infection

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737840 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 737840

Author(s):

Wanwan Zhang ◽

Lan Yao ◽

Xiaoqi Chen ◽

Ming Li ◽

Meisheng Yi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Light Chain ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Lateolabrax Japonicus ◽

Fish Virus ◽

Sea Perch

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Use of Immunoperoxidase Technique for Detection of Fish Virus Antigens

Proceedings in Life Sciences - Fish Diseases ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-67854-7_30 ◽

1980 ◽

pp. 186-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M. Faisal ◽

W. Ahne

Keyword(s):

Immunoperoxidase Technique ◽

Fish Virus ◽

Virus Antigens

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Establishment of productively infected walleye dermal sarcoma explant cells

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.82967-0 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 88 (9) ◽

pp. 2583-2589 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Joel Rovnak ◽

Rufina N. Casey ◽

Connie D. Brewster ◽

James W. Casey ◽

Sandra L. Quackenbush

Keyword(s):

Tumour Regression ◽

Accessory Gene ◽

Fish Virus ◽

Culture Cells ◽

Tissue Culture Cells ◽

Sarcoma Virus ◽

Gene Transcripts ◽

Virus Expression ◽

Dermal Sarcoma

Walleye dermal sarcoma virus (WDSV) is a complex retrovirus associated with dermal sarcomas in walleye fish. Virus expression is tightly regulated and limited to accessory gene transcripts throughout tumour development. During tumour regression, this regulation is lost and the replication of virus is greatly enhanced. Cultured walleye fibroblasts infected in vitro do not produce significant quantities of infectious virus. Tissue culture cells established by explantation of tumour cells were found to harbour WDSV provirus and to express accessory and structural proteins. The sequence of the provirus showed little variation from a previous WDSV isolate. Retroviral particles were isolated from supernatants from these cells and were able to transfer infection to uninfected walleye fibroblasts. In addition to the virus present in supernatants, much of the virus was cell associated and liberated only by sonication. This virus was found at internal cellular membranes, including mitochondria, and was infectious.

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Chinook salmon embryo (CHSE-sp) cells for fish virus research

In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology ◽

10.1007/bf02633951 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 265-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hideki Nakano ◽

Masahide Hasobe ◽

Yasushi Wada

Keyword(s):

Chinook Salmon ◽

Fish Virus ◽

Virus Research ◽

Chinook Salmon Embryo

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Identification of a Novel Marine Fish Virus, Singapore Grouper Iridovirus-Encoded MicroRNAs Expressed in Grouper Cells by Solexa Sequencing

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0019148 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. e19148 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Yang Yan ◽

Huachun Cui ◽

Songshan Jiang ◽

Youhua Huang ◽

Xiaohong Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Fish ◽

Solexa Sequencing ◽

Fish Virus

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The roles of grouper clathrin light chains in regulating the infection of a novel marine DNA virus, Singapore grouper iridovirus

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-51725-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Liqun Wang ◽

Qiang Li ◽

Songwei Ni ◽

Youhua Huang ◽

Jingguang Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Light Chains ◽

Dna Virus ◽

Virus Attachment ◽

Heavy Chains ◽

Fish Virus ◽

Early Endosomes ◽

Epinephelus Akaara ◽

First Time

Abstract Clathrins, composed of clathrin heavy chains (CHCs) and clathrin light chains (CLCs), are usually hijacked by viruses for infection. However, the role of CLCs, especially in regulating fish virus infection, remains poorly understood. Here, two isoforms of CLCs were cloned from the red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara) (EaCLCa and EaCLCb). Both EaCLC transcripts were expressed in all examined tissues, and the expression of EaCLCa was much higher than that of EaCLCb. Over-expressing EaCLCa-W119R mutant significantly reduced Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) infectivity. However, no effect of EaCLCb-W122R on SGIV infection was observed. The detailed steps were further studied, mainly including virus attachment, entry and the following transport to early endosomes. EaCLCa-W119R mutant notably inhibited internalization of SGIV particles with no effect on SGIV attachment. Furthermore, EaCLCa-W119R mutant obviously impaired the delivery of SGIV to early endosomes after virus internalization. In addition, the EaCLCa-W119R mutant markedly reduced the colocalization of SGIV and actin. However, EaCLCb is not required for such events during SGIV infection. Taken together, these results demonstrate for the first time that EaCLCa and EaCLCb exerted different impacts on iridovirus infection, providing a better understanding of the mechanisms of SGIV infection and opportunities for the design of new antiviral strategies.

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