MONITORING RAPID TOE RECESSION OF COHESIVE BLUFFS IN WESTERN LAKE MICHIGAN (2012 – 2020)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collin Roland ◽  
◽  
Russell Krueger ◽  
Chelsea A. Volpano ◽  
Lucas Zoet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Western Lake

scholarly journals Subglacial water-sheet floods, drumlins and ice-sheet lobes

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (150) ◽  
pp. 201-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Shoemaker
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
New York State ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
High Water ◽  
Green Bay ◽  
Subglacial Lake ◽  
Western Lake ◽  
Subglacial Lakes

AbstractThe effect of subglacial lakes upon ice-sheet topography and the velocity patterns of subglacial water-sheet floods is investigated. A subglacial lake in the combined Michigan–Green Bay basin, Great Lakes, North America, leads to: (1) an ice-sheet lobe in the lee of Lake Michigan; (2) a change in orientations of flood velocities across the site of a supraglacial trough aligned closely with Green Bay, in agreement with drumlin orientations; (3) low water velocities in the lee of Lake Michigan where drumlins are absent; and (4) drumlinization occurring in regions of predicted high water velocities. The extraordinary divergence of drumlin orientations near Lake Ontario is explained by the presence of subglacial lakes in the Ontario and Erie basins, along with ice-sheet displacements of up to 30 km in eastern Lake Ontario. The megagrooves on the islands in western Lake Erie are likely to be the product of the late stage of a water-sheet flood when outflow from eastern Lake Ontario was dammed by displaced ice and instead flowed westward along the Erie basin. The Finger Lakes of northern New York state, northeastern U.S.A., occur in a region of likely ice-sheet grounding where water sheets became channelized. Green Bay and Grand Traverse Bay are probably the products of erosion along paths of strongly convergent water-sheet flow.

Evidence of Wild Juvenile Lake Trout Recruitment in Western Lake Michigan

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dale Hanson ◽  
Mark E. Holey ◽  
Ted J. Treska ◽  
Charles R. Bronte ◽  
Ted H. Eggebraaten
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Western Lake

scholarly journals Polarimetric Radar Observations from a Waterspout-Producing Thunderstorm

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Van Den Broeke ◽  
Cynthia A. Van Den Broeke
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Convective Cell ◽  
Great Lakes Region ◽  
Polarimetric Radar ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Radar Observations ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Western Lake ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Differential Reflectivity

Abstract A family of four waterspouts was produced by a convective cell over western Lake Michigan on 12 September 2013. This storm initiated along a boundary north of a mesolow in a low-level cold-air advection regime, and developed supercell characteristics once the second waterspout was in progress. Polarimetric characteristics of the storm, and of the development of supercell character, are presented. These observations represent the first documented polarimetric radar observations of waterspout-producing convection in the Great Lakes region. Unusually high differential reflectivity values accompanied this storm and its initiating boundary. The high values along the boundary are partially explained by a high density of dragonflies. High differential reflectivity values were present through much of the storm of interest despite very low aerosol concentration at low levels in the lake-influenced air mass. Finally, this case illustrates the importance of environmental awareness on waterspout-favorable days, especially when boundaries are nearby to serve as a potential source of enhanced environmental vertical vorticity.

Diet of Burbot in Green Bay and Western Lake Michigan With Comparison to Other Waters

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Fratt ◽  
Daniel W. Coble ◽  
Fred Copes ◽  
Richard E. Bruesewitz
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Green Bay ◽  
Western Lake

Subglacial water-sheet floods, drumlins and ice-sheet lobes

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (150) ◽  
pp. 201-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Shoemaker
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
New York State ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
High Water ◽  
Green Bay ◽  
Subglacial Lake ◽  
Western Lake ◽  
Subglacial Lakes

AbstractThe effect of subglacial lakes upon ice-sheet topography and the velocity patterns of subglacial water-sheet floods is investigated. A subglacial lake in the combined Michigan–Green Bay basin, Great Lakes, North America, leads to: (1) an ice-sheet lobe in the lee of Lake Michigan; (2) a change in orientations of flood velocities across the site of a supraglacial trough aligned closely with Green Bay, in agreement with drumlin orientations; (3) low water velocities in the lee of Lake Michigan where drumlins are absent; and (4) drumlinization occurring in regions of predicted high water velocities. The extraordinary divergence of drumlin orientations near Lake Ontario is explained by the presence of subglacial lakes in the Ontario and Erie basins, along with ice-sheet displacements of up to 30 km in eastern Lake Ontario. The megagrooves on the islands in western Lake Erie are likely to be the product of the late stage of a water-sheet flood when outflow from eastern Lake Ontario was dammed by displaced ice and instead flowed westward along the Erie basin. The Finger Lakes of northern New York state, northeastern U.S.A., occur in a region of likely ice-sheet grounding where water sheets became channelized. Green Bay and Grand Traverse Bay are probably the products of erosion along paths of strongly convergent water-sheet flow.

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